Abstract

It is vital to pre-position a certain amount of relief supplies at pre-disaster. But governments are often confronted with a dilemma of coordinating inventory cost and stock-out cost in pre-positioning relief supplies. Pre-positioning strategies for relief supplies depend on the natural characteristic of relief supplies and the most urgent needs at post-disaster. Therefore, we classify relief supplies by their natural characteristic and priority, and introduce an option contract into relief supplies pre-positioning system which consists of a single government and an agreement enterprise. Specially, a consumable and relatively urgent relief supplies pre-positioning (C-RUP) model and a non-consumable and urgent relief supplies pre-positioning (NC-UP) model are established. The optimal decisions of the government and the enterprise are derived, respectively. The relief supply chain coordination is achieved with the option contract. Under channel coordination, the two models can not only improve the government’s emergency ability and support capacity, but also reduce the government’s inventory risk when compared to the government single pre-positioning model. Moreover, we give out the conditions that the two sides can reach a win-win situation. Lastly, we propose important managerial insights for pre-positioning strategies related to different types of relief supplies.

摘要

在灾前预置一定数量的救灾物资至关重要。但政府在预置救援物资时经常面临协调库存成本和缺货成本的两难境地。救援物资的预置策略取决于救援物资的自然特性和灾后最紧迫的需求。为此，我们根据救援物资的自然特性和优先顺序对救援物资进行分类，将期权合约引入到由单一政府和协议企业组成的救援物资预置系统中。具体而言，建立了消耗性相对紧急救援物资预置（C-RUP）模型和非消耗性紧急救援物资预置（NC-UP）模型。导出政府和企业的最优决策，分别。救济供应链协调是通过期权合约实现的。在渠道协同下，两种模式相比政府单一的前置定位模式，既能提高政府的应急能力和保障能力，又能降低政府的库存风险。而且，我们给出了双方能够达到双赢的条件。最后，我们提出了与不同类型救援物资相关的预先定位策略的重要管理见解。我们给出了双方能够达到双赢的条件。最后，我们提出了与不同类型救援物资相关的预先定位策略的重要管理见解。我们给出了双方能够达到双赢的条件。最后，我们提出了与不同类型救援物资相关的预先定位策略的重要管理见解。