Taking Poland as a case study, this article examines the sociological and historical-institutional factors that determine the relationship between the process of medical professionalisation and reproductive rights in transitional societies. Focusing on three periods in Polish history, (a) Partition era (1772–1918), (b) the Second Polish Republic (1918–1939), and (c) the post-war period (1945–1989), it identifies ruptures and continuities that have shaped the development of the Polish medical profession and its attitude towards abortion care today. Using insights from feminist historical institutionalism, abortion studies, and the sociology of professions, the article applies the concept of ‘dialectical transformations’ to explain institutional and policy reproduction and change over time. It shows how professional and legal institutions are often transferred from one systemic context to another by individuals or organisations whose positions move from opposition to dominance. Understanding such processes is especially important in light of the retrenchment of reproductive rights across the globe.

本文以波兰为例，考察了决定医疗专业化进程与转型社会生殖权利之间关系的社会学和历史制度因素。聚焦波兰历史上的三个时期，(a) 瓜分时代 (1772-1918)，(b) 波兰第二共和国 (1918-1939) 和 (c) 战后时期 (1945-1989)，它确定了分裂影响了波兰医学界的发展及其对当今堕胎护理的态度的连续性。本文利用女权主义历史制度主义、堕胎研究和职业社会学的见解，运用“辩证转换”的概念来解释制度和政策的再生产和随时间的变化。它显示了职业和法律机构如何经常被其地位从反对变为支配地位的个人或组织从一个系统环境转移到另一个系统环境。鉴于全球范围内生殖权利的紧缩，了解这些过程尤为重要。