This paper addresses how input variability in the adult phonological system is mastered in the output of young children in Akan, a Kwa language spoken in Ghana, involving variability between labio-palatalized consonants and front rounded vowels. The high-frequency variant involves a complex consonant which is expected to be mastered late, while the low-frequency variant involves a front rounded vowel which is expected to be mastered relatively early. Late mastery of complex consonants was confirmed. The high-frequency labiopalatalized-consonant variant was absent at age 3 and not yet mastered even at age 5. All children produced the easier-to-produce low-frequency front-rounded-vowel variant, most at far greater frequency than in adult speech, implying that a child's output limitations can affect which variant the child targets for production. Modular theories, in which phonological plans reflect only the characteristics of adult input, fail to account for our results. Non-modular theories are implicated.

本文探讨了成人语音系统中的输入可变性如何在阿坎语（加纳使用的一种夸瓦语）中掌握幼儿的输出，涉及唇腭化辅音和前圆角元音之间的可变性。高频变体涉及复杂辅音，预计较晚掌握，而低频变体涉及前圆角元音，预计较早掌握。证实了对复杂辅音的后期掌握。高频唇腭化辅音变体在 3 岁时不存在，甚至在 5 岁时仍未掌握。所有儿童都产生了更容易产生的低频前圆唇元音变体，大多数频率远高于成人语音，这意味着子代的输出限制会影响子代的生产目标变体。模块化理论，其中语音计划仅反映成人输入的特征，无法解释我们的结果。涉及非模块化理论。