Aquaculture can have negative environmental impacts, adding to the suite of anthropogenic stressors that challenge coastal ecosystems. However, a growing body of scientific evidence indicates that the commercial cultivation of bivalve shellfish and seaweed can deliver valuable ecosystem goods and services, including provision of new habitats for fish and mobile invertebrate species. We completed a systematic literature review of studies focused on understanding habitat-related interactions associated with bivalve and seaweed aquaculture, and a brief meta-analysis of 65 studies to evaluate fish and mobile macroinvertebrate populations at farms and reference sites. Bivalve and seaweed aquaculture were associated with higher abundance (n = 59, range: 0.05× to 473×, median lnRR = 0.67) and species richness (n = 29, range: 0.68× to 4.3×, median lnRR = 0.13) of wild, mobile macrofauna. Suspended or elevated mussel and oyster culture yielded the largest increases in wild macrofaunal abundance and species richness. We describe the major mechanisms and pathways by which bivalve and seaweed aquaculture may positively influence the structure and function of faunal communities—including provision of structured habitat, provision of food resources and enhanced reproduction and recruitment—and identify the role of the species cultivated and cultivation gear in affecting habitat value. Given the continued deterioration of coastal habitats and increasing investments into their restoration, understanding how industry activities such as aquaculture can be designed to deliver food within ecological limits and have positive influences on ecosystem goods and services is essential in ensuring ecological, social and economic objectives can be achieved.

中文翻译：

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双壳贝类和海藻养殖对鱼类和无脊椎动物的生境价值：途径、合成和下一步

水产养殖会对环境产生负面影响，增加了一系列挑战沿海生态系统的人为压力源。然而，越来越多的科学证据表明，双壳贝类和海藻的商业养殖可以提供有价值的生态系统产品和服务，包括为鱼类和移动无脊椎动物物种提供新的栖息地。我们完成了对研究的系统文献回顾，重点是了解与双壳类和海藻水产养殖相关的栖息地相关相互作用，并对 65 项研究进行简要荟萃分析，以评估农场和参考​​地点的鱼类和移动大型无脊椎动物种群。双壳类和海藻养殖与丰度较高相关（n  = 59，范围：0.05× 至 473×，中位数lnRR = 0.67）和物种丰富度（n  = 29，范围：0.68× 至 4.3×，中位数lnRR = 0.13) 野生、可移动的大型动物。悬浮或升高的贻贝和牡蛎养殖使野生大型动物丰度和物种丰富度的增幅最大。我们描述了双壳贝类和海藻养殖可能对动物群落结构和功能产生积极影响的主要机制和途径——包括提供结构化的栖息地、提供食物资源以及增强繁殖和补充——并确定养殖和养殖物种的作用影响栖息地价值的工具。鉴于沿海生境的持续恶化和对其恢复的投资增加，了解水产养殖等行业活动如何设计为在生态限度内提供食物并对生态系统产品和服务产生积极影响对于确保生态、