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Classification of human enteric neurons
Histochemistry and Cell Biology ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-25 , DOI: 10.1007/s00418-021-02002-y
Axel Brehmer 1
Affiliation  

Major advances in our understanding of the functional heterogeneity of enteric neurons are driven by the application of newly developed, innovative methods. In contrast to this progress, both animal and human enteric neurons are usually divided into only two morphological subpopulations, “Dogiel type II” neurons (with several long processes) and “Dogiel type I” neurons (with several short processes). This implies no more than the distinction of intrinsic primary afferent from all other enteric neurons. The well-known chemical and functional diversity of enteric neurons is not reflected by this restrictive dichotomy of morphological data. Recent structural investigations of human enteric neurons were performed by different groups which mainly used two methodical approaches, namely detecting the architecture of their processes and target-specific tracing of their axonal courses. Both methods were combined with multiple immunohistochemistry in order to decipher neurochemical codes. This review integrates these morphological and immunohistological data and presents a classification of human enteric neurons which we believe is not yet complete but provides an essential foundation for the further development of human gastrointestinal neuropathology.



中文翻译:

人肠神经元的分类

我们对肠道神经元功能异质性的理解取得了重大进展,这得益于新开发的创新方法的应用。与这一进展相反,动物和人类肠道神经元通常仅分为两个形态亚群,“Dogiel II 型”神经元(具有几个长突起)和“Dogiel I 型”神经元(具有几个短突起)。这仅意味着内在初级传入神经与所有其他肠神经元的区别。这种形态学数据的限制性二分法并未反映肠道神经元众所周知的化学和功能多样性。最近对人类肠道神经元的结构研究由不同的小组进行,主要使用两种有条不紊的方法,即检测其过程的体系结构和特定目标的轴突路线追踪。两种方法都与多种免疫组织化学相结合,以破译神经化学密码。这篇综述整合了这些形态学和免疫组织学数据,并提出了人类肠道神经元的分类,我们认为它尚未完成,但为人类胃肠神经病理学的进一步发展提供了重要基础。

更新日期:2021-06-25
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