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Role of nanoparticles in crop improvement and abiotic stress management
Journal of Biotechnology ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-25 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.06.022
Archana Singh 1 , Shalini Tiwari 2 , Jyotsna Pandey 1 , Charu Lata 3 , Indrakant K Singh 4
Affiliation  

Nanoparticles (NPs) possess specific physical and chemical features and they are capable enough to cross cellular barriers and show their effect on living organisms. Their capability to cross cellular barriers have been noticed for their application not only in medicine, electronics, chemical and physical sciences, but also in agriculture. In agriculture, nanotechnology can help to improve the growth and crop productivity by the use of various nanoscale products such as nanofertilizers, nanoherbicides, nanofungicides, nanopesticides etc. An optimized concentration of NPs can be administered by incubation of seeds, roots, pollen, isolated cells and protoplast, foliar spraying, irrigation with NPs, direct injection, hydroponic treatment and delivery by biolistics. Once NPs come in contact with plant cells, they are uptaken by plasmodesmatal or endocytosed pathways and translocated via apoplastic and / symplastic routes. Once beneficial NPs reach different parts of plants, they boost photosynthetic rate, biomass measure, chlorophyll content, sugar level, buildup of osmolytes and antioxidants. NPs also improve nitrogen metabolism, enhance chlorophyll as well as protein content and upregulate the expression of abiotic- and biotic stress-related genes. Herein, we review the state of art of different modes of application, uptake, transport and prospective beneficial role of NPs in stress management and crop improvement.



中文翻译:

纳米粒子在作物改良和非生物胁迫管理中的作用

纳米粒子 (NPs) 具有特定的物理和化学特征,它们足以穿越细胞屏障并对生物体产生影响。它们跨越细胞屏障的能力不仅在医学、电子、化学和物理科学中,而且在农业中也有应用。在农业中,纳米技术可以通过使用各种纳米产品,如纳米肥料、纳米除草剂、纳米杀真菌剂、纳米农药等来帮助提高生长和作物生产力。 可以通过种子、根、花粉、分离细胞的孵化来施用优化浓度的纳米颗粒原生质体、叶面喷洒、NPs 灌溉、直接注射、水培处理和生物射弹递送。一旦 NPs 与植物细胞接触,它们被胞质连丝或内吞途径吸收,并通过质外体和/共生途径易位。一旦有益的纳米颗粒到达植物的不同部位,它们就会提高光合速率、生物量测量、叶绿素含量、糖水平、渗透物和抗氧化剂的积累。NPs 还可以改善氮代谢,提高叶绿素和蛋白质含量,并上调非生物和生物胁迫相关基因的表达。在此,我们回顾了 NPs 在压力管理和作物改良中的不同应用、吸收、运输模式和预期有益作用的最新技术。渗透物和抗氧化剂的积累。NPs 还可以改善氮代谢,提高叶绿素和蛋白质含量,并上调非生物和生物胁迫相关基因的表达。在此,我们回顾了 NPs 在压力管理和作物改良中的不同应用、吸收、运输模式和预期有益作用的最新技术。渗透物和抗氧化剂的积累。NPs 还可以改善氮代谢,提高叶绿素和蛋白质含量,并上调非生物和生物胁迫相关基因的表达。在此,我们回顾了 NPs 在压力管理和作物改良中的不同应用、吸收、运输模式和预期有益作用的最新技术。

更新日期:2021-07-04
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