In the present study, a novel hybrid method was considered to identify and measure inertial cavitation activity using acoustic and optical emissions from violent bubble collapses. A photomultiplier (PMT) tube and a calibrated cylindrical needle hydrophone were used to simultaneously detect sonochemical luminescence (SCL) signals and acoustic emissions, respectively, during sonication. A cylindrical focusing ultrasound transducer operating at 398.4 kHz was employed to produce a dense cavitation bubble cloud at the focus. The results clearly showed that a similar trend between the PMT output (i.e., the SCL results) and the broad band acoustic emissions started to appear at the frequencies considered above the fourth harmonic of the sonication frequency. The experimental observation suggests that the occurrence of inertial cavitation can be monitored using the high pass spectral acoustic power and the cut-off frequency can be effectively chosen with the aid of sonochemical luminescence measurement. The hybrid method is expected to be useful for cavitation dosimetry in various medical and industrial applications.

中文翻译：

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同时测量声发射和声化学发光以监测超声空化

在本研究中，考虑了一种新的混合方法，使用来自剧烈气泡坍塌的声学和光学发射来识别和测量惯性空化活动。在超声处理过程中，光电倍增管 (PMT) 管和校准的圆柱形针式水听器分别用于同时检测声化学发光 (SCL) 信号和声发射。采用工作在 398.4 kHz 的圆柱形聚焦超声换能器在焦点处产生密集的空化气泡云。结果清楚地表明，PMT 输出（即 SCL 结果）和宽带声发射之间的类似趋势开始出现在考虑的高于声波频率四次谐波的频率处。实验观察表明，可以使用高通光谱声功率来监测惯性空化的发生，并且可以借助声化学发光测量有效地选择截止频率。预计这种混合方法可用于各种医疗和工业应用中的空化剂量测定。