The paper aims to determine the most significant physicochemical indicators of the effects that a lined landfill in southern Poland has had on groundwater quality. The results of the tests of groundwater and leachate water from the landfill for the period 2009 to 2016 were subjected to a detailed statistical analysis based on the 10 physicochemical parameters. A factor analysis was conducted considering the European Union and national requirements for landfills using analytical and statistical tools. The leachate contamination indicators from a landfill were analysed to reveal their interaction with the groundwater. The assessment indicated that there was an elevated and statistically significantly higher electrical conductivity and copper and total organic carbon concentrations in groundwater hydraulically downgradient of the landfill. The assessment also indicated that there were significant differences in the correlations between chemical parameters downgradient of the landfill and that there was a trend of increasing concentrations of some chemical constituents in groundwater. The adverse effects of the landfill were due to the deposited amount of waste exceeding 10 Mg per day. The impact was noticeable despite low and decreasing concentrations of heavy metals (Hg, Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn) in the leachate. The deterioration of the chemical state of the groundwater in the landfill vicinity could result in the extended time of pollutant migration or mass transport in the irrigated soil medium due to the limited efficiency of the leachate intake system or sealing screen after more than 20 years of landfill operation.

该论文旨在确定波兰南部带衬里垃圾填埋场对地下水质量影响的最重要的物理化学指标。对2009-2016年垃圾填埋场地下水和渗滤液的检测结果，基于10个理化参数进行了详细的统计分析。考虑到欧盟和国家对垃圾填埋场的要求，使用分析和统计工具进行了因子分析。对垃圾填埋场渗滤液污染指标进行分析，以揭示它们与地下水的相互作用。评估表明，垃圾填埋场的地下水水力下降坡度中的电导率、铜和总有机碳浓度升高，并且在统计上显着升高。评估还表明，垃圾填埋场降坡化学参数之间的相关性存在显着差异，并且地下水中某些化学成分的浓度有增加的趋势。垃圾填埋场的不利影响是由于每天沉积的废物量超过 10 毫克。尽管渗滤液中重金属（Hg、Cu、Cd、Pb 和 Zn）的浓度较低且不断降低，但影响还是很明显的。由于垃圾填埋场 20 多年后渗滤液吸入系统或密封筛网的效率有限，垃圾填埋场附近地下水化学状态的恶化可能导致污染物在灌溉土壤介质中迁移或质量传输的时间延长手术。