ABSTRACT

Day-to-day life is inundated with attempts to control emotions and a wealth of research has examined what strategies people use and how effective these strategies are. However, until more recently, research has often neglected more basic questions such as whether and how people choose to regulate their emotions (i.e. emotion regulation choice). In an effort to identify what we know and what we need to know, we systematically reviewed studies that examined potential determinants of whether and how people choose to regulate their emotions. Eighteen determinants were identified across 219 studies and were categorised as being affective, cognitive, motivational, individual or social-cultural in nature. Where there were sufficient primary studies, meta-analysis was used to quantify the size of the associations between potential determinants and measures of whether and how people choose to regulate their emotions. Based on the findings, we propose that people’s decisions about whether and how to regulate their emotions are determined by factors relating to the individual doing the regulating, the emotion that is being regulated, and both the immediate situation and the broader social context in which the regulation is taking place.

摘要

日常生活中充斥着控制情绪的尝试，大量研究调查了人们使用的策略以及这些策略的有效性。然而，直到最近，研究还经常忽视更基本的问题，例如人们是否以及如何选择调节自己的情绪（即情绪调节选择）。为了确定我们知道什么和我们需要知道什么，我们系统地回顾了一些研究，这些研究检查了人们是否以及如何选择调节情绪的潜在决定因素。在 219 项研究中确定了 18 个决定因素，并被归类为情感、认知、动机、个人或社会文化性质。如果有足够的初级研究，荟萃分析用于量化潜在决定因素与人们是否以及如何选择调节情绪的措施之间关联的大小。基于这些发现，我们提出，人们关于是否以及如何调节自己情绪的决定取决于与进行调节的个人、被调节的情绪以及当下情况和更广泛的社会背景相关的因素。监管正在发生。