Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) increases risk for development of type 2 diabetes. Whey protein ingestion before a carbohydrate load attenuates blood glucose. For our exploratory, case-control study design, we hypothesized that 35 g whey protein isolate (WPI) preloading would increase postprandial incretins and reduce hyperglycemia in women with PCOS. Twenty-nine age-matched women (PCO = 14 and CON = 15) completed oral glycemic tolerance tests (OGTT) following baseline (Day 0) as well as 35 g WPI acute (Day 1) and short-term supplementation (Day 7). Eight venous samples were collected during each test for quantification of glucose, and enteropancreatic hormones and to calculate area under the curve (AUC). Data was analyzed via repeated measures ANCOVA with significance set at P< .05. “Day x time x group” significantly influenced glucose (P = .01) and insulin changes (P = .03). In both groups, AUC_glu were significantly lower on Day 7 than Day 0 (P< .05). Postprandial glucose excursions were lower on Days 1 and 7 than Day 0 in PCO and CON. Both, PCO and CON exhibited greater insulin changes on Days 1 and 7 compared to Day 0 (P< .05). AUC_glucagon were higher on Days 1 and 7 than on Day 0 (P< .05). Changes in active GLP-1 were higher on Day 1 than Day 0 (P= .03). Overall, we showed that WPI preloading augmented insulin release and consequently lowered circulating glucose in women with and without PCOS. This insulinogenic effect can be attributed to enhanced active GLP-1 levels. We concluded that the incretin-mimetic effect of WPI may aid women with PCOS in achieving glycemic homeostasis.

多囊卵巢综合征 (PCOS) 会增加患 2 型糖尿病的风险。在碳水化合物负荷前摄入乳清蛋白可降低血糖。对于我们的探索性病例对照研究设计，我们假设预加载 35 克乳清分离蛋白 (WPI) 会增加 PCOS 女性的餐后肠降血糖素并降低高血糖症。29 名年龄匹配的女性（PCO = 14 和 CON = 15）在基线（第 0 天）以及 35 g WPI 急性（第 1 天）和短期补充（第 7 天）之后完成了口服血糖耐受测试 (OGTT) . 在每次测试期间收集八个静脉样本以量化葡萄糖和肠胰激素并计算曲线下面积 (AUC)。通过重复测量 ANCOVA 分析数据，显着性设置为P< .05。“天 x 时间 x 组”显着影响葡萄糖 ( P  = .01) 和胰岛素变化 ( P  = .03)。在这两个组中，第 7 天的 AUC _glu均显着低于第 0 天 ( P < .05)。在 PCO 和 CON 中，第 1 天和第 7 天的餐后血糖波动低于第 0 天。与第 0 天相比，PCO 和 CON 在第 1 天和第 7 天表现出更大的胰岛素变化 ( P < .05)。第 1 天和第 7 天的AUC_{胰高血糖素}高于第 0 天 ( P < .05)。第 1 天活性 GLP-1 的变化高于第 0 天 ( P=.03）。总的来说，我们发现预加载 WPI 增加了胰岛素释放，从而降低了患有和不患有 PCOS 的女性的循环葡萄糖。这种促胰岛素作用可归因于增强的活性 GLP-1 水平。我们得出结论，WPI 的肠促胰岛素样作用可能有助于患有 PCOS 的女性实现血糖稳态。