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Lexical-semantic processing costs are not inherent to intra-sentential code-switching: The role of switching habits
Neuropsychologia ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-24 , DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107922
Leah Gosselin 1 , Laura Sabourin 1
Affiliation  

A bank of past electrophysiological research suggests that code-switching (i.e., the use of multiple languages during a single conversational event) is characterized by increased processing costs. However, the majority of these studies tested bilinguals who did not necessarily code-switch on a regular basis. In order to investigate the impact of switching habits on language processing, two groups of French-English bilinguals (habitual code-switchers and non-habitual code-switchers) read sentences containing unilingual and switched determiner phrases while their EEG was recorded. The findings indicate important processing differences between the groups. Notably, switched trials (particularly those with a French determiner) generated an increased negativity from 300 to 500 ms for non-habitual code-switchers, but not for habitual code-switchers. The veritable impact of switching habits were also supported by a correlation analysis. This finding suggests that code-switching is not inherently effortful to process, but rather, that comprehension costs are related to idiosyncratic factors, such as the extent of prior exposure to code-switched input. An LPC was also observed from 500 to 900 for habitual code-switchers; for non-habitual switchers, this effect may have been attenuated by the long-lasting N400 effect. We advance several possible interpretations for the late positivity. Altogether, the results from the current study support the claim that the code-switching cost observed in previous literature may be linked to the bilingual samples tested in those studies: habitual code-switchers may not find switches effortful to process, but not all bilinguals code-switch. We highlight the importance of experience and individual differences in the study of bilingual cognition.



中文翻译:

词法语义处理成本不是句内代码转换所固有的:转换习惯的作用

一组过去的电生理研究表明,代码转换(即在单个对话事件中使用多种语言)的特点是处理成本增加。然而,这些研究中的大多数测试了不一定定期转换代码的双语者。为了研究转换习惯对语言处理的影响,两组法英双语者(习惯性代码转换者和非习惯性代码转换者)在记录脑电图的同时阅读包含单语和转换确定词短语的句子。研究结果表明各组之间存在重要的加工差异。值得注意的是,转换试验(特别是那些带有法语限定词的试验)对非习惯性代码转换者产生了从 300 毫秒增加到 500 毫秒的负面影响,但对于习惯性代码转换者则不然。相关分析也支持转换习惯的真实影响。这一发现表明,代码转换本身并不是很难处理,而是理解成本与特殊因素有关,例如先前接触代码转换输入的程度。习惯性代码转换者的 LPC 也从 500 到 900 不等;对于非习惯性切换者,这种影响可能已被持久的 N400 效应减弱。我们对晚期积极性提出了几种可能的解释。总而言之,当前研究的结果支持这样一种说法,即之前文献中观察到的代码转换成本可能与这些研究中测试的双语样本有关:习惯性的代码转换者可能不会发现难以处理的转换,但并非所有双语者都可以编码-转变。

更新日期:2021-07-04
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