There is increasing interest in the development of minimally invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of NAFLD via extracellular vesicles (EV). Plasma EVs were isolated by differential ultracentrifugation and quantified by nanoparticle tracking analysis from pre (n = 28) and post (n = 28) weight loss patients. In the pre weight loss group 22 had NAFLD. Nanoplasmon enhanced scattering (nPES) of gold nanoparticles conjugated to hepatocyte-specific antibodies was employed to identify hepatocyte-specific EVs. Complex lipid panel and targeted sphingolipids were performed. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of NAFLD. Plasma levels of EVs and hepatocyte-derived EVs are dynamic and decrease following NAFLD resolution due to weight loss surgery. Hepatocyte-derived EVs correlate with steatosis in NAFLD patients and steatosis and inflammation in NASH patients. Plasma levels of small EVs correlate with EV sphingolipids in patients with NASH. Hepatocyte-derived EVs measured by the nPES assay could serve as a point-of-care test for NAFLD.

人们越来越关注通过细胞外囊泡 (EV) 开发用于诊断和预后 NAFLD 的微创生物标志物。通过差速超速离心分离血浆 EV，并通过前（n  = 28）和后（n = 28) 减肥患者。在减肥前组中，有 22 人患有 NAFLD。使用与肝细胞特异性抗体偶联的金纳米粒子的纳米等离子体增强散射 (nPES) 来识别肝细胞特异性 EV。进行了复合脂质组和靶向鞘脂。逻辑回归分析用于确定 NAFLD 的预测因素。EVs 和肝细胞衍生的 EVs 的血浆水平是动态的，并且在 NAFLD 解决后由于减肥手术而降低。肝细胞衍生的 EV 与 NAFLD 患者的脂肪变性以及 NASH 患者的脂肪变性和炎症相关。小型 EV 的血浆水平与 NASH 患者的 EV 鞘脂相关。通过 nPES 测定法测量的肝细胞衍生 EV 可作为 NAFLD 的即时检测。