Introduction

The transition from childhood to adolescence and from adolescence to adulthood are vulnerable phases in life. In these phases, late or insufficient treatment of diseases may lead to chronification and favor development of additional disorders. In adolescents, migraine often has a highly negative impact on school performance and everyday life. The hypothesis of the present study was that adolescents with migraine have a higher risk for developing additional disorders such as psychiatric disorders or other pain syndromes in the course of the disease.

Materials and methods

In this study, we analyzed health insurance data of 56,597 German adolescents at the age of 15 years in the year 2006. By using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD 10), we determined a group with migraine diagnosis in the year 2006 and a control group without any headache diagnosis in 2006. We then compared both groups regarding the development of additional disorders (based on the ICD 10) during the following 10 years (2007 to 2016).

Results

Adolescents with migraine had a 2.1 fold higher risk than persons without migraine diagnosis to develop an additional affective or mood disorder, a 1.8 fold higher risk to obtain neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders, a 1.8 fold higher risk to subsequently suffer from behavioral syndromes, a 1.6 higher risk to get back pain and a 1.5 fold higher risk for irritable bowel syndrome during the next 10 years.

Conclusion

Adolescents with migraine are at risk for developing additional disorders later. Considering and addressing the patient’s risks and potential medical and psychosocial problems might improve the long-term outcome significantly.

中文翻译：

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从青春期到成年期的偏头痛以及其他精神和疼痛疾病的发展

介绍

从童年到青春期以及从青春期到成年的过渡是生命中的脆弱阶段。在这些阶段，对疾病的晚期或不充分治疗可能导致慢性化并有利于其他疾病的发展。在青少年中，偏头痛通常会对学校表现和日常生活产生高度负面影响。本研究的假设是，患有偏头痛的青少年在疾病过程中患其他疾病的风险更高，例如精神疾病或其他疼痛综合征。

材料和方法

在这项研究中，我们分析了 2006 年 56,597 名 15 岁的德国青少年的健康保险数据。通过使用国际疾病分类 (ICD 10)，我们确定了 2006 年诊断为偏头痛的组和对照组组在 2006 年没有任何头痛诊断。然后，我们比较了两组在接下来的 10 年（2007 年至 2016 年）期间其他疾病的发展（基于 ICD 10）。

结果

患有偏头痛的青少年患上其他情感或情绪障碍的风险比没有偏头痛的人高 2.1 倍，患神经症、压力相关和躯体形式障碍的风险高 1.8 倍，随后患上行为综合征的风险高 1.8 倍，在接下来的 10 年中，背痛的风险增加 1.6 倍，肠易激综合征的风险增加 1.5 倍。

结论

患有偏头痛的青少年以后有患上其他疾病的风险。考虑和解决患者的风险以及潜在的医疗和社会心理问题可能会显着改善长期结果。