A major feature of water erosion is the formation of channels such as rills and gullies. The creation of these channels changes the local topography and, therefore, may affect soil movement during tillage operations. To quantify such interaction between water and tillage erosion, a plot experiment was conducted and point tracers were used to measure tillage translocation under three tillage treatments: downslope (DT), upslope (UT), and contour tillage (CT) with three channel treatments: no channel (C0), 10 cm by 10 cm channel (C10), and 20 cm by 20 cm channel (C20). Forward and lateral translocation, and their resultant total translocation, were calculated by comparing the tracer locations before and after tillage. The results indicate that for DT, the presence of a channel reduced total translocation, whereas for UT, it increased total translocation. This trend was attributed to a decrease in forward translocation under DT and an increase in forward translocation under UT with the presence of channels, while lateral translocation was not significantly affected by the presence of channels. For CT, the presence of a channel increased both forward and lateral soil translocation, and therefore total translocation. These observed patterns of tillage translocation can be well explained by the relative importance of the trapping effect (channel functions like a trap for moving soil) versus the energy-intensity-increase effect (greater energy intensity due to less soil being moved with the presence of a channel). Soil movement decreases when the trapping effect dominates, and it increases when the energy-intensity-increase effect dominates. At the process level, the relative importance of the trapping effect and the energy-intensity-increase effect is determined by the shape and size of the tillage tool’s zone of influence (ZoI), which is affected by the location and orientation of the channel, and the direction of tillage. Overall, our results suggest that if channels are formed by water erosion, CT would be better than DT and UT in reducing tillage translocation and filling the channel. The knowledge gained from this study can be used to improve water and tillage erosion modelling.

水蚀的一个主要特征是形成沟渠、沟壑等。这些通道的创建改变了当地的地形，因此可能会影响耕作过程中的土壤运动。为了量化水和耕作侵蚀之间的这种相互作用，进行了小区试验，并使用点示踪剂测量三种耕作处理下的耕作易位：下坡 (DT)、上坡 (UT) 和等高耕作 (CT) 以及三种渠道处理：无通道 (C0)、10 cm x 10 cm 通道 (C10) 和 20 cm x 20 cm 通道 (C20)。通过比较耕作前后的示踪剂位置来计算向前和侧向易位，以及由此产生的总易位。结果表明，对于 DT，通道的存在减少了总易位，而对于 UT，它增加了总易位。这种趋势归因于 DT 下正向易位的减少和 UT 下存在通道的正向易位的增加，而横向易位不受通道存在的显着影响。对于 CT，通道的存在增加了前向和侧向土壤易位，从而增加了总易位。这些观察到的耕作易位模式可以很好地解释为诱捕效应（通道功能类似于移动土壤的陷阱）与能量强度增加效应（由于存在较少的土壤而导致的能量强度增加）的相对重要性。一个频道）。当捕集效应占主导地位时，土壤运动减少，当能量强度增加效应占主导地位时，土壤运动增加。在流程层面，捕集效应和能量强度增加效应的相对重要性由耕作工具影响区（ZoI）的形状和大小决定，其受渠道位置和方向以及耕作方向的影响. 总体而言，我们的结果表明，如果通道是由水蚀形成的，那么 CT 在减少耕作易位和填充通道方面将优于 DT 和 UT。从这项研究中获得的知识可用于改进水和耕作侵蚀建模。我们的结果表明，如果通道是由水蚀形成的，那么 CT 在减少耕作移位和填充通道方面将优于 DT 和 UT。从这项研究中获得的知识可用于改进水和耕作侵蚀建模。我们的结果表明，如果通道是由水蚀形成的，那么 CT 在减少耕作移位和填充通道方面将优于 DT 和 UT。从这项研究中获得的知识可用于改进水和耕作侵蚀建模。