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Potential of lucerne sowing rate to influence root development and its implications for field stand productivity
Grass and Forage Science ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-23 , DOI: 10.1111/gfs.12546
Josef Hakl 1 , Martin Pisarčik 1 , Pavel Fuksa 1 , Jaromír Šantrůček 1
Affiliation  

The relationship between root morphology and productivity in lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) has been well documented, but the effect of sowing rate on root development is unclear. Results from three field experiments were analysed to address these objectives: (a) to investigate lucerne root development as a function of distance among plants, (b) to evaluate the effect of sowing rates on lucerne root traits and (c) to investigate the relationship between root traits and forage yield and yield components. A 4-year experiment that compared spaced plants (50 × 50 cm, four plants m2) versus row seeding (12.5 cm, 700 germinated seeds m−2) revealed fast annual tap-root diameter (TD) development in spaced plants, with about 12 mm, and three times greater TD and five times the lateral root number compared with row-spaced plants. Three-year field plot experiments at one site compared sowing rates of 400 versus 700 germinated seeds m−2 in less favourable soil for lucerne, and 700 versus 900 seeds m−2 in a better soil. Across experiments, higher plant density and root potential index were positively related to forage yield only when in association with better soil conditions and optimal water supply. Lower plant density offered advantages for faster root development. An effect of reduction in the sowing rate was increased stand height and increased yield in the third cut in a year with drought stress. Results show the need for investigation of effects of more precise spatial arrangement of lucerne plants to ensure optimization of root development and to enable yield benefits and drought resistance.

中文翻译:

苜蓿播种率影响根系发育的潜力及其对田间林分生产力的影响

苜蓿 ( Medicago sativa L.)根形态与生产力之间的关系已被充分证明,但播种率对根发育的影响尚不清楚。分析了三个田间试验的结果以实现这些目标:(a) 研究苜蓿根系发育作为植物间距离的函数,(b) 评估播种率对苜蓿根系性状的影响,以及 (c) 研究两者之间的关系根性状与牧草产量和产量构成之间的关系。一项为期 4 年的实验,比较了间隔植物(50 × 50 cm,四株植物 m 2)与行播(12.5 cm,700 颗发芽种子 m -2) 显示,与行距植物相比,间隔植物的年度主根直径 (TD) 发育速度快,约为 12 毫米,TD 大 3 倍,侧根数大 5 倍。在一个地点的三年田间小区试验比较了在不太适合苜蓿生长的土壤中 400 与 700 颗发芽种子 m -2 的播种率,以及 700 与 900 颗种子 m -2 的播种率在更好的土壤中。在整个实验中,仅当与更好的土壤条件和最佳供水相关时,较高的植物密度和根势指数才与草料产量呈正相关。较低的植物密度为更快的根系发育提供了优势。播种量减少的一个影响是在干旱胁迫的一年中第三次割草时增加了林分高度和增加了产量。结果表明,需要研究更精确的苜蓿植物空间排列的影响,以确保根系发育的优化并实现产量效益和抗旱性。
更新日期:2021-08-19
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