Coinciding with the recent psychological attention paid to the broad topic of wisdom, interest in the intellectual virtue of phronesis or practical wisdom has been burgeoning within pockets of psychology, philosophy, professional ethics, and education. However, these discourses are undercut by frequently unrecognized tensions, lacunae, ambivalences, misapplications, and paradoxes. While a recent attempt at conceptualizing the phronesis construct for the purpose of psychological measurement offers promise, little is known about how phronesis develops psychologically, what motivates it, or how it can be cultivated. Many psychologists aspire to make sense of wise thinking without the contextual, affective, and holistic/integrative resources of phronesis. This article explores some such attempts, in particular, a new “common model” of wisdom. We argue for the incremental value of the phronesis construct beyond available wisdom accounts because phronesis explains how mature decision-making is motivated and shaped by substantive moral aspirations and cognitively guided moral emotions. We go on to argue that, in the context of bridging the gap between moral knowledge and action, phronesis carries more motivational potency than wisdom in the “common model.” The phronesis construct, thus, embodies some unique features that psychologists studying wise decision-making ignore at their peril.

与最近对智慧这一广泛主题的心理关注相吻合，对phronesis或实践智慧的智力美德的兴趣在心理学、哲学、职业道德和教育领域迅速增长。然而，这些话语经常被未被承认的紧张、漏洞、矛盾、误用和悖论所削弱。虽然最近为心理测量目的将phronesis概念化的尝试提供了希望，但人们对phronesis如何在心理上发展，它的动机是什么，或者如何培养它知之甚少。许多心理学家渴望在没有情境、情感和整体/综合资源的情况下理解明智的思考。语音。本文探讨了一些此类尝试，特别是一种新的智慧“通用模型”。我们认为phronesis结构的增量价值超出了可用的智慧账户，因为phronesis解释了成熟的决策是如何被实质性的道德愿望和认知引导的道德情感所激励和塑造的。我们继续争辩说，在弥合道德知识和行动之间的鸿沟的背景下，在“通用模型”中，phronesis比智慧具有更多的动机效力。在实践智慧结构，因此，体现了一些独特的功能，心理学家研究英明决策忽略自己负责。