Nowadays, a large part of daily activities is associated with the use of fossil fuels. Therefore, the excessive exploitation and related pollution have led to the search for alternatives. A current alternative to replace them is production of biofuels. They are produced in facilities called biorefineries which are ecodesigned. The ecodesign in biorefineries is a multicriteria issue encountering various criteria. In this context, the aim of this study is the assessment of various biorefinery ecodesign alternatives for the selection of the optimal pathway to produce biodiesel as an alternative to fossil fuels. A multicriteria decision-making methodological framework is proposed and applied to two case studies with three scenarios each. Decision support techniques show that the best ecodesign alternative for the first case study is a biorefinery of four platforms to produce biodiesel, glycerin, potassium phosphate, heat and energy, bio-oil, and bio-carbon from jatropha biomass, while in case two the selection is not conclusive which is attributable to subjectivity. This framework addresses the issue presented by biorefineries looking for sustainability but also for other industries looking for application on their process design. Incorporating sustainable considerations into biorefinery process design as well as assessing them through different criteria to choose the optimal configuration is the main issue faced by decision makers and stakeholders.

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中文翻译：

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通过多标准决策优化生物精炼厂生物柴油生产的生态设计选择

如今，大部分日常活动都与化石燃料的使用有关。因此，过度开采和相关污染导致寻找替代品。当前替代它们的替代方法是生产生物燃料。它们是在称为生态设计的生物精炼厂的设施中生产的。生物精炼厂的生态设计是一个遇到各种标准的多标准问题。在此背景下，本研究的目的是评估各种生物精炼生态设计替代方案，以选择生产生物柴油作为化石燃料替代方案的最佳途径。提出了一个多标准决策方法框架，并将其应用于两个案例研究，每个案例研究具有三个场景。决策支持技术表明，第一个案例研究的最佳生态设计替代方案是由四个平台组成的生物精炼厂，用于从麻风树生物质中生产生物柴油、甘油、磷酸钾、热量和能源、生物油和生物碳，而在案例二中选择不是决定性的，这归因于主观性。该框架解决了寻求可持续性的生物精炼厂以及寻求其工艺设计应用的其他行业所提出的问题。将可持续考虑纳入生物精炼工艺设计，并通过不同标准对其进行评估以选择最佳配置是决策者和利益相关者面临的主要问题。而在第二种情况下，选择不是决定性的，这是由于主观性。该框架解决了寻求可持续性的生物精炼厂以及寻求其工艺设计应用的其他行业所提出的问题。将可持续考虑纳入生物精炼工艺设计，并通过不同标准对其进行评估以选择最佳配置是决策者和利益相关者面临的主要问题。而在第二种情况下，选择不是决定性的，这是由于主观性。该框架解决了寻求可持续性的生物精炼厂以及寻求其工艺设计应用的其他行业所提出的问题。将可持续考虑纳入生物精炼工艺设计，并通过不同标准对其进行评估以选择最佳配置是决策者和利益相关者面临的主要问题。

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