ABSTRACT

We describe the distribution and habitats of Amigdoscalpellum hispidum, Weltnerium stroemii, Scalpellum scalpellum, Weltnerium cornutum, Catherinum striolatum, Weltnerium nymphocola and Hamatoscalpellum hamatum in the Norwegian and Barents Seas, and their morphology. These are seven of the eight scalpellid species recorded in the area. Expeditions from 2006 to 2018 of the MAREANO (Marine areal database for Norwegian waters) programme have provided a comprehensive collection of Scalpellidae that can contribute to our knowledge of their distribution. The collections were from 335 localities in 40–2300 m depth. Of the 1406 specimens collected, 1396 were collected by beam trawl and 37 were from grabs. Patchy distributions and the association of species with other organisms (e.g. hydroids and gorgonian corals) can explain the low abundance in grabs compared with beam trawls, the latter covering larger areas and mixed sediments better. Weltnerium stroemii was the most abundant species and had the largest depth and temperature range, followed by A. hispidum and W. nymphocola. Species were assigned into three geographic groups based on their depth distribution. Shelf species: W. stroemii, S. scalpellum and A. hispidum occurring mainly shallower than 400 m in water temperatures >4°C; Upper slope species: W. nymphocola, W. cornutum and H. hamatum, found mainly between 600–1000 m in temperatures from 4 to 0°C; Lower slope species: C. striolatum occurring below 1500 m in temperatures <0°C. The species C. striolatum and W. cornutum are new to the Norwegian fauna and future deep-sea exploration will probably discover further scalpellid species.

摘要

我们描述了Amigdoscalpellum hispidum , Weltnerium stroemii , Scalpellum discellum , Weltnerium cornutum , Catherinum striolatum , Weltnerium nymphocola和Hamatoscalpellum hamatum的分布和栖息地在挪威和巴伦支海，以及它们的形态。这些是该地区记录的八种手术刀物种中的七种。MAREANO（挪威水域海洋区域数据库）计划从 2006 年到 2018 年的探险提供了一个全面的 Scalpellidae 集合，有助于我们了解它们的分布。这些藏品来自 335 个地点，深度为 40-2300 m。在收集的 1406 个标本中，1396 个通过束拖网收集，37 个来自抓斗。不规则的分布以及物种与其他生物（例如水螅和柳珊瑚）的关联可以解释与束拖网相比捕获物的低丰度，后者覆盖更大的区域和混合沉积物更好。枸杞是最丰富的物种，深度和温度范围最大，其次是A. hispidum和W. nymphocola。物种根据其深度分布被分为三个地理组。大陆架物种：W. stroemii、S. scallellum和A. hispidum主要出现在水温 >4°C 的 400 m 以下；上坡物种：W. nymphocola、W. cornutum和H. hamatum，主要在 600-1000 m 之间发现，温度为 4 至 0°C；低坡物种：C. striolatum出现在 1500 m 以下，温度 <0°C。种C. striolatum和W.cornutum是挪威动物群的新物种，未来的深海探索可能会发现更多的手术刀物种。