Magnesium-sulfur (Mg-S) batteries are an alternative electrochemical energy-storage system with higher safety as well as large theoretical volumetric energy density than lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. Herein, we further research sulfurized-pyrolyzed polyacrylonitrile (S@pPAN) composite containing 47.3 wt% sulfur as cathode of Mg-S batteries with nucleophilic (PhMgCl)₂-AlCl₃ + LiCl/THF electrolyte. Except a significant restraint of the reaction between the nucleophilic electrolyte and the electrophilic sulfur, polysulfide dissolution and shuttle are effectively suppressed. Electrochemical performance is further enhanced using MBA-(MgCl₂)₂-(AlCl₃)₂ + LiCl/THF non-nucleophilic electrolyte with 677.9 mAh g⁻¹ specific capacity and 75.9% cycling stability after 85 cycles at 0.1C. More effective CEI layers formed on the cathode with a lower electrode/electrolyte internal resistance play a key effect on the enhanced electrochemical performance. This work will attract extensive study on Mg-S batteries containing easily prepared electrolytes with a combination of S@pPAN cathode.

镁硫（Mg-S）电池是一种替代的电化学储能系统，与锂硫（Li-S）电池相比，具有更高的安全性和更大的理论体积能量密度。在此，我们进一步研究了含 47.3 wt% 硫的硫化热解聚丙烯腈 (S@pPAN) 复合材料作为具有亲核 (PhMgCl) ₂ -AlCl ₃ + LiCl/THF 电解质的 Mg-S 电池的阴极。除了显着抑制亲核电解质与亲电硫之间的反应外，多硫化物的溶解和穿梭受到有效抑制。使用 MBA-(MgCl ₂ ) ₂ -(AlCl ₃ ) ₂进一步增强了电化学性能+ LiCl/THF 非亲核电解质，在 0.1C 下循环 85 次后具有 677.9 mAh g ^{-1 的}比容量和 75.9% 的循环稳定性。在具有较低电极/电解质内阻的阴极上形成的更有效的 CEI 层对增强的电化学性能起着关键作用。这项工作将吸引对含有易于制备的电解质和 S@pPAN 阴极组合的 Mg-S 电池的广泛研究。