Although Islam has a long history in coastal northern Mozambique, the question of how Muslims manage family life there is little understood. Based on the analysis of historical, ethnographic and legal records, and a case study of a bairro (Port., ward) called Paquitequete in the contemporary coastal city of Pemba in Cabo Delgado province, this article focuses on Muslim family and gender relations in northern Mozambique. It argues that Muslims of this region maintain concurrent legal identities as Muslims, matrilineal Africans and citizens of the modern state. While women benefitted from matriliny by accessing the land and support from their maternal side, upon widowhood and divorce they lost access to their husband’s or common assets because the husbands’ matriclan claimed them. The perseverance of matriliny made local Muslims seem to abide less by Islamic norms, but historically they have combined the Shāfiʿī madhhab (Islamic legal school) with matrilineal custom. In contemporary Pemba, family and gender relations are regulated not only by Sharīʿa or by African ‘traditions’, but by a blend of elements from these two alongside modern legislations. Moreover, it could be said that this arrangement is endorsed by a kind of popular consensus, which is particularly salient in the Community Courts.

尽管伊斯兰教在莫桑比克北部沿海地区有着悠久的历史，但人们对那里的穆斯林如何管理家庭生活的问题却知之甚少。基于对历史、人种学和法律记录的分析，以及一个bairro的案例研究（港口，病房）位于德尔加杜角省当代沿海城市奔巴岛的帕奎特奎特，这篇文章的重点是莫桑比克北部的穆斯林家庭和性别关系。它认为，该地区的穆斯林同时保持着穆斯林、非洲母系人和现代国家公民的合法身份。虽然妇女通过获得土地和母亲一方的支持而受益于母系关系，但在守寡和离婚后，她们失去了获得丈夫或共同资产的机会，因为丈夫的母系继承了她们。母系的坚持使当地穆斯林似乎不太遵守伊斯兰规范，但在历史上，他们将 Shāfiʿī madhhab（伊斯兰教法学派）与母系习俗结合在一起。在当代奔巴岛，家庭和性别关系不仅受Sharīʿa或非洲“传统”，但结合了这两种元素以及现代立法。而且，这种安排可以说是得到了一种大众共识的认可，这在共同体法院中尤为突出。