Many have assumed that Targum Pseudo-Jonathan (TgPsJ) is the product of first millennium Palestine. This study presents evidence suggesting that TgPsJ is neither from the first millennium, nor from Palestine. TgPsJ displays an unawareness of some basic facts with regard to the geography of the land of Israel, which makes the argument for its author being a native of Palestine unpersuasive. Excerpts from Even Bochan, a twelfth-century Hebrew lexicon written by Menachem ben Shelomo, the author of Sekhel Tov, exhibit textual similarities to statements found elsewhere only in TgPsJ. The nature of these statements lead to the conclusion that Even Bochan precedes TgPsJ and not vice versa. This suggests that the origins of TgPsJ are to be found in twelfth-century Italy.

许多人认为 Targum Pseudo-Jonathan (TgPsJ) 是第一个千年巴勒斯坦的产物。这项研究提供的证据表明 TgPsJ 既不是来自第一个千年，也不是来自巴勒斯坦。TgPsJ 对有关以色列土地的地理的一些基本事实一无所知，这使得关于其作者是巴勒斯坦人的论点没有说服力。摘自Even Bochan，这是一部由Sekhel Tov的作者 Menachem ben Shelomo 编写的 12 世纪希伯来语词典，与仅在 TgPsJ 中发现的其他地方的陈述在文本上相似。这些陈述的性质得出的结论是，Even Bochan在 TgPsJ 之前，反之亦然。这表明 TgPsJ 起源于 12 世纪的意大利。