A large part of the energy for heating and cooling is consumed due to human needs for thermal comfort in the living environment. It is important to use a suitable method to design an energy-efficient building to satisfy the thermal comfort of residents throughout the year. This paper focuses on the implementation of the sensitivity analysis in the area of energy analysis of a prefabricated timber building on box models. The sensitivity analysis plays an important role in early planning, partially also presenting the energy analysis. A combination of the building energy simulation and the sensitivity analysis technique identifies key variables by order, which can either have a strong or insignificant impact on the further design of the energy efficiency of a building. Moreover, this paper presents a sensitivity analysis method performed on the case study of six different timber building models where design parameters, such as geometry, insulation features, glazing ratio and distribution, shading control and interior set-point temperatures, are varied in environments with different climatic conditions: moderate (Ljubljana), warm (Athens), and cold (Helsinki). The sensitivity analysis for a range of variable input parameters is conducted by using the global sensitivity analysis technique, i.e. the Morris method, which is based on the elementary effect. The main objective of the article is to provide guidance for researchers, professionals and building planners about the parameters they should focus on in the early planning of an energy-efficient timber building to reduce the energy required for heating and cooling, thereby ensuring constant thermal comfort in the living environment. The results of the sensitivity analysis, which serve as guidelines, show that the overall U-factor of a window, the solar heat gain coefficient, and a set-point temperature for heating are design variables that most affect the heating energy demand for the considered one- and two-storey box models in the three locations. The dominant parameters have on average 30% more influence on heating energy demand in cold climates than parameters in moderate climates and 88% more than in warm climates. While shading control and solar heat gain coefficient are the most influential parameters for cooling energy demand, with the dominant parameters in warm climates having on average 39% more influence than parameters in moderate climates and 49% more influence than parameters in cold climates. In the total energy demand for the operation of all box models under all climatic conditions, special attention should be paid to shading control. In addition, in moderate and cold climates, the overall U-value of the window and the internal set- point temperature in winter must be considered, and in hot climates, the solar heat gain coefficient is important. In the case of the two-storey box model, designers need to be careful about the glazing-to-wall ratio which depends on the orientation of the glazing (south-north or east-west). In this case, the dominant parameters have on average 47% more influence in warm climates than in cold climates and 56% more than in temperate climates.

由于人类对居住环境中的热舒适性的需求，消耗了很大一部分用于加热和冷却的能源。重要的是要使用合适的方法来设计节能建筑，以满足居民全年的热舒适度。本文重点介绍了在箱体模型上的预制木结构建筑能量分析领域中敏感性分析的实施。敏感性分析在早期规划中起着重要作用，部分地也呈现了能量分析。建筑能源模拟和敏感性分析技术的组合按顺序识别关键变量，这些变量可能对建筑物能源效率的进一步设计产生强烈或微不足道的影响。而且，本文介绍了对六种不同木材建筑模型的案例研究进行的敏感性分析方法，其中设计参数，如几何形状、绝缘特性、玻璃比例和分布、遮阳控制和内部设定点温度，在不同气候的环境中是不同的。条件：温和（卢布尔雅那）、温暖（雅典）和寒冷（赫尔辛基）。对一系列可变输入参数的敏感性分析是通过使用全局敏感性分析技术进行的，即基于基本效应的莫里斯方法。本文的主要目的是为研究人员、专业人士和建筑规划师提供指导，了解他们在节能木结构建筑的早期规划中应关注的参数，以减少加热和冷却所需的能源，从而确保居住环境中恒定的热舒适性。作为指导的敏感性分析结果表明，窗户的整体 U 系数、太阳能得热系数和加热设定点温度是对所考虑的加热能量需求影响最大的设计变量。三个位置的一层和两层箱式模型。在寒冷气候下，主要参数对供暖能源需求的影响平均比温和气候下的参数大 30%，比温暖气候下的参数大 88%。虽然遮阳控制和太阳能得热系数是对冷却能源需求影响最大的参数，但温暖气候下的主要参数比温和气候下的参数影响平均大 39%，比寒冷气候下的参数影响大 49%。在所有箱型在所有气候条件下运行的总能量需求中，应特别注意遮阳控制。此外，在温和和寒冷气候下，必须考虑窗户的整体 U 值和冬季内部设定温度，而在炎热气候下，太阳得热系数很重要。在两层盒子模型的情况下，设计师需要注意玻璃与墙壁的比例，这取决于玻璃的方向（南北或东西）。在这种情况下，主要参数在温暖气候中的影响比在寒冷气候中平均大 47%，比温带气候大 56%。在温和和寒冷的气候下，必须考虑窗户的整体 U 值和冬季内部设定温度，而在炎热气候下，太阳得热系数很重要。在两层盒子模型的情况下，设计师需要注意玻璃与墙壁的比例，这取决于玻璃的方向（南北或东西）。在这种情况下，主要参数在温暖气候中的影响比在寒冷气候中平均大 47%，比温带气候大 56%。在温和和寒冷的气候下，必须考虑窗户的整体 U 值和冬季内部设定温度，而在炎热气候下，太阳得热系数很重要。在两层盒子模型的情况下，设计师需要注意玻璃与墙壁的比例，这取决于玻璃的方向（南北或东西）。在这种情况下，主要参数在温暖气候中的影响比在寒冷气候中平均大 47%，比温带气候大 56%。设计师需要注意玻璃与墙壁的比例，这取决于玻璃的方向（南北或东西）。在这种情况下，主要参数在温暖气候中的影响比在寒冷气候中平均大 47%，比温带气候大 56%。设计师需要注意玻璃与墙壁的比例，这取决于玻璃的方向（南北或东西）。在这种情况下，主要参数在温暖气候中的影响比在寒冷气候中平均大 47%，比温带气候大 56%。