Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have important role in transplant outcomes by activating the innate immune system and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to graft rejection. We assessed the expression level of TL2 and TLR4 in acute rejection (AR) on the 1st and 7th^-day post-transplantation. TLR2 and TLR4 expressions were evaluated by real-time PCR in both the AR group (n = 50) and non-AR (n = 50), compared with the control group. Also, the correlation of the expression levels of TLRs between both the 1st and 7th day was analyzed. ROC curve analysis was used to determine the cut-off value for TLRs expression. TLR4 mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated in AR patients vs. the controls on the 1st day (p ≤ 0.05) and it was down-regulated in non-AR vs. controls on the 1st day (p ≤ 0.05). Also, TLR4 expression had decreased in both AR and non-AR groups vs. control on the 7th day (p ≤ 0.05). Both TLR2 and TLR4 expression in comparison to non-AR had increased in the AR group on the 7th day (p ≤ 0.05). TLR2 expression positively correlated between 1st and 7th day in AR (r = 0.3, (p ≤ 0.05) and non-AR group (r = 0.2, p ≤ 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed a cut-off value of TLR2 up to 0.98 with sensitivity 71.05 (95%CI = 54.1–84.6) and specificity 63.27 (95%CI = 48.3–76.6) that could distinguish between AR and non-AR group (p ≤ 0.05). The data support that both TLR2 and TLR4 expression have an effective role in AR after liver transplantation and could be used as possible biomarkers for AR to choose better therapeutic strategies based on immunological aspects.

Toll 样受体 (TLR) 通过激活先天免疫系统和产生促炎细胞因子，导致移植物排斥，在移植结果中发挥重要作用。我们在1日和7日评估了急性排斥反应（AR）中TL2和TLR4的表达水平^——移植后一天。与对照组相比，AR 组（n = 50）和非 AR 组（n = 50）均通过实时 PCR 评估 TLR2 和 TLR4 表达。此外，分析了第 1 天和第 7 天之间 TLR 表达水平的相关性。ROC曲线分析用于确定TLRs表达的截止值。TLR4 mRNA 表达在第 1 天与对照组相比在 AR 患者中显着上调（p ≤ 0.05），并且在第 1 天在非 AR 与对照组中下调（p ≤ 0.05）。此外，在第 7 天，AR 组和非 AR 组的 TLR4 表达均低于对照组（p ≤ 0.05）。与非 AR 相比，AR 组的 TLR2 和 TLR4 表达在第 7 天均增加（p ≤ 0.05）。TLR2 表达在 AR 的第 1 天和第 7 天之间呈正相关（r = 0.3，（p ≤ 0.p≤0.05  ）。ROC 曲线分析显示 TLR2 的截止值高达 0.98，灵敏度为 71.05（95%CI = 54.1-84.6），特异性为 63.27（95%CI = 48.3-76.6），可以区分 AR 组和非 AR 组（p  ≤ 0.05)。数据支持 TLR2 和 TLR4 表达在肝移植后 AR 中具有有效作用，可作为 AR 的可能生物标志物，以根据免疫学方面选择更好的治疗策略。