It has been significant yet challenging to recycle and reuse different kinds of wastes due to their mass production with the society development. Many efforts have been conducted to reuse wastes in different fields. Interestingly, some wastes have been employed to replace traditional petroleum-based flame retardants for polymeric materials. This review focuses on the recent development of waste flame retardants and their impacts on thermal stability, flame retardancy and smoke suppression of polymers, followed by representative flame-retardant mechanisms. Finally, the key challenges associated with waste flame retardants are presented, and some perspectives in the future are proposed.

中文翻译：

---

固体废物转化为聚合物材料的阻燃剂：综述

随着社会的发展，不同种类的废物大量生产，回收和再利用具有重要意义，但也具有挑战性。已经进行了许多努力以在不同领域再利用废物。有趣的是，一些废物已被用于替代传统的石油基聚合物材料阻燃剂。本综述重点关注废弃阻燃剂的最新发展及其对聚合物热稳定性、阻燃性和抑烟性的影响，以及具有代表性的阻燃机制。最后，提出了与废弃阻燃剂相关的主要挑战，并提出了未来的一些展望。