The composition of weed communities in agricultural crops is dependent on soil properties and the applied agronomic practices. The current study determined the effect of different tillage systems and crop residue on the soil weed community composition. The research programme encompassed 2013–2015 in a long-term field experiment located in the Experimental Station of Vytautas Magnus University in Lithuania. The soil type in the experimental field was qualified as Endocalcaric Stagnosol (Aric, Drainic, Ruptic, Amphisiltic). Weeds were categorised into communities according to soil pH, nitrogen and moisture indicators. The results of investigations were grouped using cluster analysis. Agricultural crops were dominated by different weed species depending on the soil pH and moisture. Weed species were relatively more frequent indicating nitrogen-rich and very nitrogen-rich soils. In the reduced tillage and no-tillage systems, an increase in the abundance of weed species indicating moderate acidity and low acidity, moderately wet and wet, nitrogen-rich and very nitrogen-rich soils was observed. The application of plant residues decreased the weed species abundance. In the reduced tillage and no-tillage systems, the quantitative distribution of weed was often uneven. By evaluating the association of weed communities with groups of different tillage systems with or without plant residues, their control can be optimised.

中文翻译：

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不同土壤耕作制度和作物残留物对杂草群落组成的影响

农作物杂草群落的组成取决于土壤特性和应用的农艺实践。目前的研究确定了不同耕作制度和作物残留物对土壤杂草群落组成的影响。研究计划包括 2013-2015 年在立陶宛维陶塔斯马格努斯大学实验站的长期实地实验。试验田土壤类型为Endocalcaric Stagnosol ( Aric , Drainic , Ruptic , Amphisiltic）。根据土壤酸碱度、氮和水分指标将杂草分为群落。使用聚类分析对调查结果进行分组。农作物以不同的杂草种类为主，这取决于土壤的 pH 值和水分。杂草种类相对更频繁，表明土壤富含氮和非常富含氮。在减耕和免耕系统中，观察到表明中等酸度和低酸度、中等湿润和湿润、富含氮和非常富含氮的土壤的杂草种类的丰度增加。植物残留物的施用降低了杂草种类的丰度。在减耕和免耕系统中，杂草的数量分布往往不均匀。