This study aims at investigating the spatial and temporal variability of the seasonal rainfall over Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, relying on rainfall data taken from gridded data of four gauge stations for 35 years. Moreover, this study determines the teleconnection between the seasonal rainfall and equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature (El Niño SST) over El Arish and Wadi Watir. Due to non-stationary characteristics of Sinai rainfall, this study employs the Wavelet Principal Component Analysis (WPCA) technique. According to the spatial characteristics of January, February and March (JFM), and October, November and December (OND) rainfall seasons, Sinai Peninsula can be divided into two zones: northern zone along the coastal area of the Mediterranean, and central-southern zone. The WPC signals showed that the dominant frequency period of Sinai rainfall ranged 2–8 years. Using Wavelet Coherence (WC), the study found a strong teleconnection between the seasonal rainfall over El Arish and Wadi Watir as well and El Niño SST at a 3-month lead time. The study results will improve the forecasting skills of flash water events over Sinai Peninsula, particularly, the northern zone in order to take suitable precautions to eliminate their impacts.

本研究旨在调查埃及西奈半岛季节性降雨的时空变化，依赖于从四个测量站网格数据中提取的 35 年降雨数据。此外，这项研究确定了 El Arish 和 Wadi Watir 上的季节性降雨量与赤道太平洋海面温度 (El Niño SST) 之间的遥相关。由于西奈半岛降雨的非平稳特征，本研究采用小波主成分分析（WPCA）技术。根据1、2、3月（JFM）和10、11、12月（OND）雨季的空间特征，西奈半岛可划分为两个带：地中海沿岸的北部带和中南部带区。WPC 信号显示，西奈半岛降雨的主要频率周期为 2-8 年。使用小波相干 (WC)，该研究发现 El Arish 和 Wadi Watir 的季节性降雨与提前 3 个月的 El Niño SST 之间存在很强的遥相关。研究结果将提高西奈半岛特别是北部地区山洪事件的预报技巧，以便采取适当的预防措施消除其影响。