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Reward produces learning of a consciously inaccessible feature
British Journal of Psychology ( IF 4.981 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-22 , DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12518
Xue Dong 1, 2 , Mingxia Zhang 1, 2 , Bo Dong 1, 3 , Yi Jiang 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 , Min Bao 1, 2
Affiliation  

Reward has a significant impact on behaviour and perception. Most past work in associative reward learning has used perceptually distinct visual cues to associate with different reward values. Thus, it remains unknown to what extent the learned bias towards reward-associated stimuli depends on consciousness of the apparent differences between stimuli. Here, we resolved this issue by using an inter-ocular suppression paradigm with the monetary rewarding and non-rewarding cues identical to each other except for their eye-of-origin information. Thus, the reward coding system cannot rely on consciousness to select the reward-associated cue. Surprisingly, the targets in the rewarded eye broke into awareness faster than those in the non-rewarded eye. We further revealed that producing this effect required both top-down attention and inter-ocular suppression. These findings suggest that the human’s reward coding system can produce two different types of reward-based learning. One is independent of consciousness yet fairly consuming attentional resources. The other one results from volitional selection of stimuli of behavioural significance.

中文翻译:

奖励产生对有意识无法访问的特征的学习

奖励对行为和感知有显着影响。大多数过去的联想奖励学习工作都使用感知上不同的视觉线索与不同的奖励值相关联。因此,对于奖励相关刺激的学习偏见在多大程度上取决于对刺激之间明显差异的意识仍然未知。在这里,我们通过使用眼间抑制范式解决了这个问题,除了它们的起源信息之外,货币奖励和非奖励线索彼此相同。因此,奖励编码系统不能依靠意识来选择与奖励相关的线索。令人惊讶的是,奖励眼中的目标比非奖励眼中的目标更快地进入意识。我们进一步揭示,产生这种效果需要自上而下的注意力和眼间抑制。这些发现表明,人类的奖励编码系统可以产生两种不同类型的基于奖励的学习。一种是独立于意识但相当消耗注意力资源的。另一种来自对具有行为意义的刺激的意志选择。
更新日期:2021-06-22
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