The electron density structures of the seismo-traveling ionospheric disturbances (STIDs) during the Tohoku earthquake are reconstructed by applying the three-dimensional computerized ionospheric tomography (3DCIT) technique with a 30-s time resolution for the first time. The vertical distribution of 3DCIT results is consistent with the constellation observing system for meteorology, ionosphere and climate (COSMIC) observations. The horizontal speeds of STIDs at different altitudes are estimated, and the three types of STIDs related to Rayleigh waves, acoustic waves and gravity waves are identified by their propagation characters. The magnitude of STIDs related to Rayleigh waves decreased with altitude, and there was no significant difference between the speeds (~ 2500 m/s) at different altitudes. The STIDs caused by acoustic waves traveled faster at 300 km altitude (~ 666–724 m/s) than at 150 km altitude (~ 500–550 m/s). From 150 to 250 km altitudes, in the STIDs induced by gravity waves, the magnitude of positive and negative wave fronts showed the opposite trend. The speed at 300 km altitude (~ 332 m/s) was slightly larger than at 150 km altitude (~ 310 m/s). The Rayleigh waves related STIDs showed a conic-like geometry, whereas the acoustic waves and gravity waves induced STIDs showed inverted conic-like geometries. The possible propagation mechanisms of different types of STIDs are also discussed.

首次应用时间分辨率为 30 s 的三维计算机电离层断层扫描 (3DCIT) 技术重建了东北地震期间地震传播电离层扰动 (STID) 的电子密度结构。3DCIT 结果的垂直分布与气象、电离层和气候（COSMIC）观测星座观测系统一致。估计不同高度STIDs的水平速度，并通过其传播特性识别与瑞利波、声波和重力波相关的三种STIDs。与瑞利波相关的 STID 的大小随海拔升高而降低，不同海拔处的速度（~2500 m/s）之间没有显着差异。由声波引起的 STID 在 300 公里高度（~ 666-724 m/s）比在 150 公里高度（~ 500-550 m/s）传播得更快。在150~250 km高度，重力波诱发的STIDs中，正负波阵面的大小呈现相反的趋势。300 公里高度 (~ 332 m/s) 的速度略大于 150 km 高度 (~ 310 m/s)。瑞利波相关的 STID 显示出类似圆锥的几何形状，而声波和重力波引起的 STID 显示出类似倒圆锥的几何形状。还讨论了不同类型 STID 的可能传播机制。300 公里高度 (~ 332 m/s) 的速度略大于 150 km 高度 (~ 310 m/s)。瑞利波相关的 STID 显示出类似圆锥的几何形状，而声波和重力波引起的 STID 显示出类似倒圆锥的几何形状。还讨论了不同类型 STID 的可能传播机制。300 公里高度 (~ 332 m/s) 的速度略大于 150 km 高度 (~ 310 m/s)。瑞利波相关的 STID 显示出类似圆锥的几何形状，而声波和重力波引起的 STID 显示出类似倒圆锥的几何形状。还讨论了不同类型 STID 的可能传播机制。