We evaluated the effect of fermented and raw rapeseed meal (FRCM and RRSM) on the growth performance, carcass traits, serum biochemical indexes, immune status and intestinal morphology of broilers. A total of 420-day-old Arbor Acre male broilers were randomly assigned to a 1 + 2 × 3 factorial arrangement with one basal diet group, two rapeseed meal (RSM) varieties (FRCM and RRSM) and three addition levels (5%, 10% and 15%) for a duration of 42 days. FRSM significantly increased the ADG and ADFI of broilers during the 22–42 days and 1–42 days (p < 0.05) growth periods compared with RRSM groups. No significant difference was observed in ADG and ADFI between broilers fed FRSM in different dietary levels and control diets (p > 0.05), but broilers fed diet with 15% RRSM showed significantly lower ADG, ADFI and spleen index (p < 0.05). Both FRSM and RRSM in different dietary levels affected the anti-oxidation function of broilers, including a significant increase in the serum contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (p < 0.05), and a significant decrease of malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.05). Fermentation tends to increase the villus height of duodenum (p = 0.09), and significantly increased the villus height and V/C ratio of duodenum (p < 0.05) in birds. The duodenum villus height was the highest in the 5% FRSM group and lowest in birds of 5% RRSM group. A 10% level significantly increased the duodenal V/C ratio in both FRSM and RRSM birds. The results indicated that FRSM could be used to supplemented in broilers diet to improve the production performance and maintain good health. FRSM can be added to broilers diet at 10% without adverse effect on growth performance or immune function.

中文翻译：

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发酵和生菜粕对肉鸡生长性能、免疫状态和肠道形态的影响

我们评估了发酵和生菜粕（FRCM 和 RRSM）对肉鸡生长性能、胴体性状、血清生化指标、免疫状态和肠道形态的影响。总共 420 日龄的 Arbor Acre 雄性肉鸡被随机分配到 1 + 2 × 3 因子排列，其中一个基础日粮组、两个菜籽粕 (RSM) 品种（FRCM 和 RRSM）和三个添加水平（5%， 10% 和 15%），持续 42 天。与 RRSM 组相比， FRSM 在 22-42 天和 1-42 天（p  < 0.05）生长期显着增加了肉鸡的 ADG 和 ADFI。饲喂不同日粮水平的 FRSM 肉鸡与对照日粮的 ADG 和 ADFI 无显着差异（p > 0.05)，但饲喂 15% RRSM 日粮的肉鸡显示出显着降低的 ADG、ADFI 和脾指数 ( p  < 0.05)。不同日粮水平的FRSM和RRSM均影响肉鸡的抗氧化功能，其中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）含量显着升高（p  < 0.05），显着降低。丙二醛 (MDA) ( p  < 0.05)。发酵倾向于增加十二指肠绒毛高度（p  = 0.09），并显着增加十二指肠绒毛高度和V/C比（p < 0.05) 在鸟类中。十二指肠绒毛高度在 5% FRSM 组中最高，在 5% RRSM 组中最低。10% 的水平显着增加了 FRSM 和 RRSM 鸡的十二指肠 V/C 比率。结果表明，FRSM可用于肉鸡日粮中，以提高生产性能和保持良好的健康。FRSM 可以以 10% 的比例添加到肉鸡日粮中，而不会对生长性能或免疫功能产生不利影响。