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The Refractive Error and Vision Impairment Estimation With Spectacle data (REVIEWS) study
medRxiv - Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2021-06-22 , DOI: 10.1101/2021.06.15.21258945
Michael Moore , James Loughman , John S. Butler , Arne Ohlendorf , Siegfried Wahl , Daniel I. Flitcroft

Objective: To investigate whether spectacle lens sales data can be used to estimate the population distribution of refractive error amongst ametropes and hence estimate the current and future risk of vision impairment. Design: Cross Sectional Study Subjects: A total 141,547,436 spectacle lens sales records from an international European lens manufacturer between the years 1998 and 2016. Methods: Anonymized patient spectacle lens sales data including refractive error information was provided by a major European spectacle lens manufacturer. Data from the Gutenberg Health Survey was digitized to allow comparison of a representative, population-based sample to the spectacle lens sales data. A bootstrap analysis was completed to assess the comparability of both datasets. The expected level of vision impairment due to myopia at age 75 was calculated for both datasets using a previously published risk estimation equation combined with a saturation function. Main Outcome Measures: Comparability of spectacle lens sales data on refractive error to typical population surveys of refractive error and its potential utility to predict vision impairment due to refractive error. Results: Equivalent estimates of the population distribution of spherical equivalent refraction can be provided from spectacle lens data within limits. For myopia, the population distribution was equivalent to the Gutenberg Health Survey (≤ 5% deviation) for levels ≤-2.0 dioptres, while for hyperopia the distribution was equivalent (≤ 5% deviation) for levels ≥ +3.0 diopters. The estimated rates of vision impairment due to myopia were not statistically significantly different (χ2 = 182, DoF = 169, p = 0.234) between the spectacle lens data and Gutenberg Health Survey data. Conclusions: The distribution of refractive error and hence the risk of vision impairment due to refractive error within a population can be determined using spectacle lens sales data. Pooling this type of data from multiple industry sources could provide a cost effective, timely and globally representative mechanism for monitoring the evolving epidemiology of refractive error and associated vision impairment.

中文翻译:

屈光不正和视力损害估计与眼镜数据 (REVIEWS) 研究

目的:研究眼镜片销售数据是否可用于估计屈光不正的屈光不正人群分布,从而估计当前和未来视力受损的风险。设计:横断面研究 对象:1998 年至 2016 年间来自一家国际欧洲镜片制造商的总共 141,547,436 片眼镜镜片销售记录。 方法:包括屈光不正信息在内的匿名患者眼镜镜片销售数据由一家主要的欧洲眼镜镜片制造商提供。来自古腾堡健康调查的数据被数字化,以便将具有代表性的基于人口的样本与眼镜镜片销售数据进行比较。完成了引导分析以评估两个数据集的可比性。使用先前发布的风险估计方程结合饱和度函数计算了两个数据集在 75 岁时因近视造成的视力损害的预期水平。主要结果指标:关于屈光不正的眼镜镜片销售数据与屈光不正的典型人群调查的可比性及其在预测屈光不正引起的视力损害方面的潜在效用。结果: 可从极限范围内的眼镜片数据提供等效球面等效屈光度分布的等效估计。对于近视,人口分布在屈光度≤-2.0 的情况下与Gutenberg Health Survey 相同(≤ 5% 偏差),而对于远视,其分布与屈光度≥ +3.0 的水平相同(≤ 5% 偏差)。由于近视造成的视力损害的估计率在眼镜片数据和古腾堡健康调查数据之间没有统计学显着差异(χ2 = 182,DoF = 169,p = 0.234)。结论:可以使用眼镜镜片销售数据确定屈光不正的分布以及人群中屈光不正导致视力受损的风险。汇集来自多个行业来源的此类数据可以提供一种具有成本效益、及时且具有全球代表性的机制,用于监测屈光不正和相关视力障碍不断发展的流行病学。屈光不正的分布以及由于屈光不正导致的人群中视力受损的风险可以使用眼镜片销售数据来确定。汇集来自多个行业来源的此类数据可以提供一种具有成本效益、及时且具有全球代表性的机制,用于监测屈光不正和相关视力障碍不断发展的流行病学。屈光不正的分布以及由于屈光不正导致的人群中视力受损的风险可以使用眼镜片销售数据来确定。汇集来自多个行业来源的此类数据可以提供一种具有成本效益、及时且具有全球代表性的机制,用于监测屈光不正和相关视力障碍不断发展的流行病学。
更新日期:2021-06-25
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