Studies have shown that rubberised concrete is a potential pavement material. Pavement materials are generally expected to possess concrete with high impact resistance, especially in regions where winter temperatures remain lower than the freezing point for long periods. However, knowledge about the performance of rubberised concrete on impact under low temperatures is still limited. In this study, experiments were conducted to evaluate the compressive strength, elasticity modulus, bending strength, and impact resistance of rubberised concrete at room temperature (20 °C) and at a sub-zero temperature (− 20 °C). Meanwhile, a new U-shaped specimen drop-weight test was performed as an impact test. The results indicated that although the impact toughness of both rubberised and plain concrete types decreased at low temperatures, rubber particles also had positive effects on concrete impact resistance at − 20 °C. In addition to macroscopic tests, mercury injection and molecular dynamics simulations were performed to understand the mechanism through which rubber particles improve the impact resistance of concrete at low temperatures. The pores that could not freeze accounted for 1.55% of the total pores in plain concrete; this value was 2.36% in concrete with a rubber particle density of 50 kg/m³. From the results of this study, we can conclude that the addition of rubber can change the distribution of water or ice in concrete pores, which leads to an improvement in the toughness of concrete at a low temperature (− 20 °C).

研究表明，橡胶混凝土是一种潜在的路面材料。通常预期路面材料具有高抗冲击性的混凝土，特别是在冬季温度长期低于冰点的地区。然而，关于橡胶混凝土在低温下的冲击性能的知识仍然有限。在这项研究中，进行了实验以评估橡胶混凝土在室温 (20 °C) 和零下温度 (- 20 °C) 下的抗压强度、弹性模量、弯曲强度和抗冲击性。同时，进行了新的 U 形试样落锤试验作为冲击试验。结果表明，虽然橡胶混凝土和素混凝土类型的冲击韧性在低温下均有所下降，但 橡胶颗粒在 - 20 °C 时对混凝土的抗冲击性也有积极影响。除了宏观测试外，还进行了汞注入和分子动力学模拟，以了解橡胶颗粒在低温下提高混凝土抗冲击性的机制。不能冻结的孔隙占素混凝土总孔隙的1.55%；在橡胶颗粒密度为 50 kg/m 的混凝土中，该值为 2.36%³ . 根据本研究结果，我们可以得出结论，橡胶的加入可以改变混凝土孔隙中水或冰的分布，从而提高混凝土在低温（-20°C）下的韧性。