Legacies of past climate conditions and historical management govern forest productivity and tree growth. Understanding how these processes interact and the timescales over which they influence tree growth is critical to assess forest vulnerability to climate change. Yet, few studies address this issue, likely because integrated long-term records of both growth and forest management are uncommon. We applied the stochastic antecedent modelling (SAM) framework to annual tree-ring widths from mixed forests to recover the ecological memory of tree growth. We quantified the effects of antecedent temperature and precipitation up to 4 years preceding the year of ring formation and integrated management effects with records of harvesting intensity from historical forest management archives. The SAM approach uncovered important time periods most influential to growth, typically the warmer and drier months or seasons, but variation among species and sites emerged. Silver fir responded primarily to past climate conditions (25–50 months prior to the year of ring formation), while European beech and Scots pine responded mostly to climate conditions during the year of ring formation and the previous year, although these responses varied among sites. Past management and climate interacted in such a way that harvesting promoted growth in young silver fir under wet and warm conditions and in old European beech under drier and cooler conditions. Our study shows that the ecological memory associated with climate legacies and historical forest management is species-specific and context-dependent, suggesting that both aspects are needed to properly evaluate forest functioning under climate change.

过去气候条件和历史管理的遗产支配着森林生产力和树木生长。了解这些过程如何相互作用以及它们影响树木生长的时间尺度对于评估森林对气候变化的脆弱性至关重要。然而，很少有研究解决这个问题，可能是因为生长和森林管理的长期综合记录并不常见。我们将随机前因模型 (SAM) 框架应用于混交林的年度树轮宽度，以恢复树木生长的生态记忆。我们通过历史森林管理档案中的采伐强度记录量化了环形成前 4 年的前期温度和降水的影响以及综合管理效果。SAM 方法揭示了对生长影响最大的重要时间段，通常是温暖和干燥的月份或季节，但出现了物种和地点之间的差异。银杉主要对过去的气候条件作出反应（环形成前 25-50 个月），而欧洲山毛榉和苏格兰松主要对环形成当年和前一年的气候条件作出反应，尽管这些反应因地点而异. 过去的管理和气候以这样一种方式相互作用，即在潮湿和温暖的条件下采伐促进了年轻银杉的生长，在干燥和凉爽的条件下促进了老欧洲山毛榉的生长。我们的研究表明，与气候遗产和历史森林管理相关的生态记忆是特定于物种和环境的，