The ice melt in the Arctic region has generated a great opportunity for passenger ships to sail in the Arctic. As such, a significant growth of passenger ship activities in this region has created an ever-increasing air pollution, which has had an adverse effect on the maritime Arctic ecosystem. Due to the fragility of the Arctic marine environment, it is critical to conduct a thorough analysis of the passenger ship activities in the Arctic and assess their environmental effects on the Arctic. This paper uses the Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) data to analyze passenger ship trajectories and sailing speed in the Arctic from 2012 to 2017. Based on the passenger ship characteristics data combined with the bottom-up pollution emission models, we quantify passenger ship pollutants in the Arctic. Furthermore, we evaluate the CO₂ equivalent emissions for the four shipping fuel options of interest. New findings include: (1) Passenger ships have discharged an average of 39.17 tons of black carbon (BC) and 3824.01 tons of SOx in the Arctic each year (i.e., from 2012 to 2017); (2) Among the four operating modes, cruising exhibited the largest amount of BC and SOx emissions, followed by berthing, anchoring, and maneuvering; (3) The amounts of BC and SOx emitted from auxiliary engines (AEs) were the highest, followed by main engines (MEs) and boilers (BOs); and (4) Arctic passenger ship emissions have shown significant monthly, daily and hourly variations. Besides, the results show that in the short term, passenger ships using very low Sulphur fuel oil (VLSFO) in the Arctic are the most viable and environmental-friendly, whereas in the long term, passenger ships using liquefied natural gas (LNG) would be even better. This investigation provides a valuable set of insights for passenger ship operators, policymakers, and scientists to design and implement future passenger ship activities in the Arctic. As expected, a control of pollution emissions can be improved, and necessary actions should be taken in the future.

北极地区的冰层融化为客船在北极航行提供了绝佳机会。因此，该地区客船活动的显着增长造成了日益严重的空气污染，对北极海洋生态系统产生了不利影响。由于北极海洋环境的脆弱性，对北极客船活动进行全面分析并评估其对北极的环境影响至关重要。本文利用自动识别系统 (AIS) 数据分析了 2012 年至 2017 年北极客船航迹和航行速度。基于客船特性数据结合自下而上的污染排放模型，我们量化了客船污染物排放量。北极。此外，我们评估 CO₂四种感兴趣的航运燃料选项的等效排放量。新发现包括： (1) 客船每年（即 2012 年至 2017 年）在北极地区平均排放了 39.17 吨黑碳（BC）和 3824.01 吨 SOx；(2) 四种工况中，巡航的BC和SOx排放量最大，其次是靠泊、抛锚和操纵；(3) 辅机（AEs）的BC和SOx排放量最高，其次是主机（MEs）和锅炉（BOs）；(4) 北极客船的排放量显示出显着的月、日和小时变化。此外，结果表明，在短期内，在北极使用极低硫燃料油（VLSFO）的客船是最可行和最环保的，而从长期来看，使用液化天然气 (LNG) 的客船会更好。这项调查为客船运营商、政策制定者和科学家提供了一套宝贵的见解，以设计和实施未来在北极的客船活动。正如预期的那样，污染排放的控制可以得到改善，未来应该采取必要的行动。