The emergence of the multi-sided platform business model has had a profound impact on the news publishing industry. By acting as gatekeepers to news traffic, large online platforms appear to be unavoidable trading partners for news businesses and may exert substantial bargaining power in their dealings. Concerns have been raised that this bargaining power imbalance may threaten the viability of publishers’ businesses. Notably, digital infomediaries are accused of capturing a huge share of the advertising revenue by free-riding on the investments made in producing news content. Moreover, by affecting the monetization of news, the dominance of some online platforms is deemed to have contributed to the decline of trustworthy sources of news. Against this background, governments have been urged to intervene in order to ensure the sustainability of the publishing industry. The EU has decided to address publishers’ concerns by introducing an additional layer of copyright as a means to encourage cooperation between press publishers and online services. And the French Competition Authority has recently accused Google of adopting a display policy aimed at frustrating the objective of the domestic law implementing the EU legislation, hence requiring Google to conduct negotiations in good faith with publishers and news agencies on the remuneration for the reuse of their protected content. The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission has instead embraced a regulatory approach, developing a mandatory bargaining code. The aim of this article is to analyse the different solutions advanced in order to assess their economic and legal justifications as well as their effectiveness.

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通过反垄断执法？新闻出版商反对数字平台的奇怪案例

多边平台商业模式的出现，对新闻出版业产生了深远的影响。作为新闻流量的看门人，大型在线平台似乎是新闻业务不可避免的贸易伙伴，并可能在其交易中发挥巨大的议价能力。有人担心这种议价能力的不平衡可能会威胁到出版商业务的生存能力。值得注意的是，数字信息媒体被指控通过搭便车制作新闻内容的投资来攫取广告收入的巨大份额。此外，通过影响新闻的货币化，一些在线平台的主导地位被认为是导致值得信赖的新闻来源减少的原因。在这样的背景下，已敦促各国政府进行干预，以确保出版业的可持续性。欧盟已决定通过引入额外的版权层来解决出版商的担忧，以此作为鼓励新闻出版商和在线服务之间合作的一种手段。而法国竞争管理局最近指责谷歌采取的展示政策旨在挫败国内法实施欧盟立法的目标，因此要求谷歌与出版商和新闻机构就重复使用其广告的报酬进行善意谈判。受保护的内容。相反，澳大利亚竞争和消费者委员会采用了一种监管方法，制定了强制性的谈判守则。