Contemporary democracy in multiple countries has been under assault from what has been variously called right-wing populism, authoritarian populism, cultural majoritarianism, new nativism, new nationalism, quasi-fascism, and neo-fascism. While the authoritarian behaviors of several electorally legitimated leaders in these countries have been in focus, their misogyny is seen as merely an incidental part of their personality. This article highlights the centrality of misogyny in legitimating the political goals and regimes of a set of leaders in contemporary democracies—Trump, Modi, Bolsonaro, Duterte, and Erdogan (all but Trump are still in power)—in countries from across Global North/South, non-West/West, with mixed populations and different majority religions. The argument proceeds as follows. First, I clarify the conceptualization of misogyny and explain why it matters. Second, I demonstrate the substantive misogyny of political leaders who are/have been heads of hegemonic right-wing political projects in five contemporary democracies (Trumpism, Modification, Bolsonarismo, Dutertismo, and Erdoganism). Third, I put forward three systematic ways in which misogyny works as an effective political strategy for these projects, by enabling a certain politics of identity to demonize opponents as feminine/inferior/anti-national, scavenging upon progressive ideas (rather than rejecting them) and distorting them, and sustaining and defending a militarized masculinist approach to policy and delegitimizing challenges to it. This article, thus, contributes to the literature on how masculinity, misogyny, and gender norms more broadly intersect with political legitimacy, by arguing for understanding the analytic centrality of misogyny to the exercise of political power in multiple global projects.

中文翻译：

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当代民主国家中威权主义者的厌女症

多个国家的当代民主一直受到各种所谓的右翼民粹主义、威权民粹主义、文化多数主义、新本土主义、新民族主义、准法西斯主义和新法西斯主义的攻击。虽然这些国家的几位选举合法领导人的专制行为一直备受关注，但他们的厌女症被视为只是他们性格的一个偶然部分。本文强调了厌女症在使当代民主国家中的一组领导人——特朗普、莫迪、博尔索纳罗、杜特尔特和埃尔多安（除了特朗普仍然掌权）——在全球北方国家/地区的政治目标和政权合法化方面的核心作用。南方，非西方/西方，人口混合和不同的多数宗教。论证如下。第一的，我澄清了厌女症的概念并解释了它为什么重要。其次，我展示了在五个当代民主国家（特朗普主义、改良主义、博尔索纳主义、杜特蒂斯主义和埃尔多安主义）中担任/曾经是霸权右翼政治项目负责人的政治领导人的实质性厌女症。第三，我提出了厌女症作为这些项目的有效政治策略的三种系统方式，通过使某种身份政治能够将对手妖魔化为女性/劣等/反民族，清除进步思想（而不是拒绝它们）并扭曲它们，并维持和捍卫一种军事化的男性主义政策方法，并使对它的挑战合法化。因此，这篇文章有助于研究男性气质、厌女症、