John Hart Ely’s process theory of judicial review has had an influence on constitutions across the globe. This article explores and evaluates Ely’s influence on the drafting and development of the 1982 Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The article first outlines the rudimentary elements of Ely’s theory of judicial review, then how Ely’s explicit influence on the development of the Charter has mostly been limited to the context of Section 15 equality rights. But Ely’s influence has been more extensive in the way scholars have sought to understand the Charter. The third section of this article shows how Ely has had an impact on Patrick Monahan’s theory of judicial review under the Charter, and in Rosalind Dixon’s process theory of dialogue. The article concludes by arguing that although Ely’s concerns remain relevant in the Canadian context, there are two reasons to be skeptical of using Ely’s theory to understand Charter rights: the first reason is that the Charter features substantive rights that do not seem to be reducible to protections for participation in the political process; the second reason is that process-based dialogue theory appears to be insufficiently distrusting of courts.

中文翻译：

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对话与不信任：约翰·哈特·伊利和加拿大宪章

约翰·哈特·伊利 (John Hart Ely) 的司法审查过程理论对全球宪法产生了影响。本文探讨和评估 Ely 对 1982 年加拿大权利和自由宪章的起草和发展的影响。文章首先概述了伊利的司法审查理论的基本要素，然后，伊利对宪章发展的明确影响如何主要局限于第 15 条平等权利的背景下。但在学者们试图理解宪章的方式上，伊利的影响更为广泛。本文的第三部分展示了伊利如何影响帕特里克·莫纳汉根据宪章提出的司法审查理论，以及罗莎琳德·迪克森的对话过程理论。文章最后指出，尽管 Ely 的担忧在加拿大的情况下仍然相关，有两个理由怀疑使用 Ely 的理论来理解宪章权利：第一个原因是宪章中的实质性权利似乎不能简化为对参与政治进程的保护；第二个原因是基于过程的对话理论似乎对法院的不信任程度不够。