当前位置: X-MOL 学术arXiv.cs.SY › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
On the Impact of the Capacity Drop Phenomenon for Freeway Traffic Flow Control
arXiv - CS - Systems and Control Pub Date : 2021-06-18 , DOI: arxiv-2106.10347
Michael Enqi Cao, Gustav Nilsson, Samuel Coogan

Capacity drop is an empirically observed phenomenon in vehicular traffic flow on freeways whereby, after a critical density is reached, a state of congestion sets in, but the freeway does not become decongested again until the density drops well below the critical density. This introduces a hysteresis effect so that it is easier to enter the congested state than to leave it. However, many existing first-order models of traffic flow, particularly those used for control design, ignore capacity drop, leading to suboptimal controllers. In this paper, we consider a cell transmission model of traffic flow that incorporates capacity drop to study the problem of optimal freeway ramp metering. We show that, if capacity drop is ignored in the control design, then the resulting controller, obtained via a convex program, may be significantly suboptimal. We then propose an alternative model predictive controller that accounts for capacity drop via a mixed integer linear program and show that, for sufficiently large rollout horizon, this controller is optimal. We also compare these approaches to a heuristic hand-crafted controller that is viewed as a modification of an integral feedback controller to account for capacity drop. This heuristic controller outperforms the controller that ignores capacity drop but underperforms compared to the proposed alternative model predictive controller. These results suggest that it is generally important to include capacity drop in the controller design process, and we demonstrate this insight on several case studies.

中文翻译:

容量下降现象对高速公路交通流量控制的影响

容量下降是高速公路上车辆交通流中根据经验观察到的现象,在达到临界密度后,拥堵状态开始,但直到密度远低于临界密度,高速公路才会再次解拥。这引入了滞后效应,因此进入拥塞状态比离开它更容易。然而,许多现有的交通流一阶模型,特别是那些用于控制设计的模型,忽略了容量下降,导致控制器不理想。在本文中,我们考虑包含容量下降的交通流的单元传输模型来研究最优高速公路匝道计量问题。我们表明,如果在控制设计中忽略容量下降,那么通过凸程序获得的最终控制器可能明显次优。然后,我们提出了一种替代模型预测控制器,该控制器通过混合整数线性程序考虑了容量下降,并表明,对于足够大的推出范围,该控制器是最佳的。我们还将这些方法与启发式手工控制器进行了比较,后者被视为对积分反馈控制器的修改,以解决容量下降的问题。这种启发式控制器优于忽略容量下降但与建议的替代模型预测控制器相比表现不佳的控制器。这些结果表明,在控制器设计过程中考虑容量下降通常很重要,我们在几个案例研究中证明了这一见解。对于足够大的 rollout 范围,这个控制器是最佳的。我们还将这些方法与启发式手工控制器进行了比较,后者被视为对积分反馈控制器的修改,以解决容量下降的问题。这种启发式控制器优于忽略容量下降但与建议的替代模型预测控制器相比表现不佳的控制器。这些结果表明,在控制器设计过程中考虑容量下降通常很重要,我们在几个案例研究中证明了这一见解。对于足够大的 rollout 范围,这个控制器是最佳的。我们还将这些方法与启发式手工控制器进行了比较,后者被视为对积分反馈控制器的修改,以解决容量下降的问题。这种启发式控制器优于忽略容量下降但与建议的替代模型预测控制器相比表现不佳的控制器。这些结果表明,在控制器设计过程中考虑容量下降通常很重要,我们在几个案例研究中证明了这一见解。这种启发式控制器优于忽略容量下降但与建议的替代模型预测控制器相比表现不佳的控制器。这些结果表明,在控制器设计过程中考虑容量下降通常很重要,我们在几个案例研究中证明了这一见解。这种启发式控制器优于忽略容量下降但与建议的替代模型预测控制器相比表现不佳的控制器。这些结果表明,在控制器设计过程中考虑容量下降通常很重要,我们在几个案例研究中证明了这一见解。
更新日期:2021-06-25
down
wechat
bug