Global warming caused by the rapid increase in atmospheric CO₂ concentration is regarded as one of the most serious problems faced by human being. Electrochemical CO₂ reduction (ECR) is one promising strategy that can fix CO₂ in a mild and clean manner combined with sustainable energies. However, the ECR performance is highly dependent on the catalysis system because of the difficulty in CO₂ activation, low mass transfer, poor product selectivity, and competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The binding strength of electrocatalysts toward carbon intermediates is the crucial factor for ECR performance. Furthermore, the reaction conditions and the configurations of devices are also of significance for ECR efficiencies. Here, we briefly reviewed the effects of electrocatalyst materials, as well as the reaction conditions, coupled anodic reactions, and devices on the ECR. Moreover, challenges and some perspectives for large-scale applications are included.

中文翻译：

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CO2 电催化还原的简要回顾——材料、反应条件和装置

由大气CO ₂浓度迅速增加引起的全球变暖被认为是人类面临的最严重的问题之一。电化学 CO ₂还原 (ECR) 是一种很有前景的策略，它可以以温和、清洁的方式结合可持续能源来固定 CO ₂。然而，由于 CO ₂的困难，ECR 性能高度依赖于催化系统活化、传质低、产物选择性差和竞争性析氢反应 (HER)。电催化剂对碳中间体的结合强度是 ECR 性能的关键因素。此外，反应条件和装置的配置对 ECR 效率也很重要。在这里，我们简要回顾了电催化剂材料的影响，以及反应条件、耦合阳极反应和装置对 ECR 的影响。此外，还包括了大规模应用的挑战和一些观点。