The discussion is focused on changes in the structure of the cotton industry and their effects on social and political life in Carlisle in the years from 1838 to 1861. The geographic framework of these changes is sketched out by investigating the interdependencies between factory locations in the city and the spatial formation of degraded working-class suburbs. Carlisle’s cotton industry was marked to a large degree by a twofold division between (a) spinning in factories and (b) weaving on the basis of outwork in both free and bound loomshops. Detailed descriptions of workers’ demographic characteristics in these two production environments are provided, with special reference to handloom weavers. The handloom weavers played a crucial role in these years in shaping political responses to the low wages and economic hardship faced by the working class in Carlisle. The marches and other public demonstrations associated with these responses are analysed in relation to the morphology of the city. The paper ends with a brief reflection on the role of urban space as a locus of political ferment and class formation in nineteenth-century industrial capitalism.

讨论的重点是 1838 年至 1861 年间棉花产业结构的变化及其对卡莱尔社会和政治生活的影响。通过调查该市工厂位置之间的相互依存关系勾勒出这些变化的地理框架以及退化的工人阶级郊区的空间形成。卡莱尔的棉花工业在很大程度上以双重划分为标志：（a）工厂纺纱和（b）在自由织布机和捆绑织布厂的外包工作基础上织造。提供了这两种生产环境中工人人口特征的详细描述，特别是关于手摇织机的织工。这些年来，手摇织机在制定政治应对卡莱尔工人阶级面临的低工资和经济困难方面发挥了关键作用。与这些响应相关的游行和其他公共示威活动将根据城市的形态进行分析。本文最后简要回顾了城市空间作为 19 世纪工业资本主义政治动荡和阶级形成场所的作用。