Linguistic and vocal information are thought to be differentially processed since the early stages of speech perception, but it remains unclear if this differentiation also concerns automatic processes of memory retrieval. The aim of this ERP study was to compare the automatic retrieval processes for newly learned voices vs phonemes. In a longitudinal experiment, two groups of participants were trained in learning either a new phoneme or a new voice. The MMN elicited by the presentation of the two was measured before and after the training. An enhanced MMN was elicited by the presentation of the learned phoneme, reflecting the activation of an automatic memory retrieval process. Instead, a reduced MMN was elicited by the learned voice, indicating that the voice was perceived as a typical member of the learned voice identity. This suggests that the automatic processes that retrieve linguistic and vocal information are differently affected by experience.

自语音感知的早期阶段以来，语言和声音信息被认为是被差异处理的，但这种差异是否也涉及记忆检索的自动过程仍不清楚。这项 ERP 研究的目的是比较新学习的语音与音素的自动检索过程。在纵向实验中，两组参与者接受了学习新音素或新声音的培训。在训练前后测量了由两者的介绍引起的MMN。增强的 MMN 是由学习音素的呈现引起的，反映了自动记忆检索过程的激活。取而代之的是，学习语音引发了减少的 MMN，表明该语音被认为是学习语音身份的典型成员。