This paper presents flexible operating modes of marine DC microgrids and main advantages of employing energy storage systems into such DC microgrids. Scaled-down marine systems with two DC buses and integrated energy storages are considered in this paper. To verify superior features of the DC microgrids with solid-state technologies and energy storage systems, a wide range of system operating modes are experimentally demonstrated, ranging from basic to advanced operating modes: DC voltage regulation, power sharing control, soft start (smoothly charging bus potential to the nominal level), seamless transition (transiting open-bus and closed-bus operations), load leveling (flattening generator loads by energy storage systems), transient mitigation (mitigating sudden load changes by energy storage systems), and zero-emission (powering the marine networks by energy storage systems near a port). The experimental results show that DC microgrids with solid-state technologies and energy storage systems provide ship owners with the flexibility in energy management of the system, fuel savings, and environmental compliance in a port.

中文翻译：

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用于灵活高效的船用直流微电网的固态技术

本文介绍了船用直流微电网的灵活运行模式以及在此类直流微电网中采用储能系统的主要优势。本文考虑了具有两条直流母线和集成能量存储的按比例缩小的海洋系统。为了验证采用固态技术和储能系统的直流微电网的优越特性，实验证明了从基本到高级的各种系统运行模式：直流电压调节、功率共享控制、软启动（平滑充电）母线电位降至标称水平）、无缝过渡（过渡开放母线和封闭母线运行）、负载均衡（通过储能系统使发电机负载变平）、瞬态缓解（通过储能系统减轻突然的负载变化），和零排放（通过港口附近的储能系统为海洋网络供电）。实验结果表明，采用固态技术和储能系统的直流微电网为船东提供了系统能源管理、节省燃料和港口环境合规的灵活性。