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Feature-Based Deep Neural Networks for Short-Term Prediction of WiFi Channel Occupancy Rate
IEEE Access ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-11 , DOI: 10.1109/access.2021.3088423
Ahmed Al-Tahmeesschi , Kenta Umebayashi , Hiroki Iwata , Janne Lehtomaki , Miguel Lopez-Benitez

Spectrum occupancy prediction is a key enabling technology to facilitate a proactive resource allocation for dynamic spectrum management systems. This work focuses on the prediction of duty cycle (DC) metric that reflects spectrum usage (in the time domain). The spectrum usage is typically measured on a shorter time scale than needed for prediction. Hence, data thinning is required and we apply block averaging. However, averaging operation results in flattening the DC data and losing essential features to assist deep neural network (DNN) to predict the spectrum usage. To improve DC prediction after block averaging, a feature-based deep learning framework is proposed. Namely, long short-term memory (LSTM) and gated recurrent unit (GRU) are selected and enhanced by using features of the data, such as the variance of DC data in addition to DC data themself. The proposed model is capable of proactively predicting the spectrum usage by capturing complex relationships among various input features for the measured spectrum, thus providing higher prediction accuracy with an average improvement of 5% in RMSE compared with traditional models. Moreover, to have a better understanding of the proposed model, we quantify the effect of input features on the predicted spectrum usage values. Based on the most significant input features, a simpler and more efficient model is proposed to estimate DC with similar accuracy to when using all features.

中文翻译:

基于特征的深度神经网络用于 WiFi 信道占用率的短期预测

频谱占用预测是促进动态频谱管理系统主动资源分配的关键使能技术。这项工作侧重于反映频谱使用(在时域中)的占空比 (DC) 指标的预测。通常在比预测所需的时间尺度更短的时间尺度上测量频谱使用。因此,需要数据细化并且我们应用块平均。然而,平均操作会导致 DC 数据变平并失去辅助深度神经网络 (DNN) 预测频谱使用的基本特征。为了改进块平均后的 DC 预测,提出了一种基于特征的深度学习框架。即,通过使用数据的特征选择和增强长短期记忆(LSTM)和门控循环单元(GRU),比如DC数据本身的方差和DC数据本身的差异。所提出的模型能够通过捕获测量频谱的各种输入特征之间的复杂关系来主动预测频谱使用情况,从而提供更高的预测精度,与传统模型相比,RMSE 平均提高 5%。此外,为了更好地理解所提出的模型,我们量化了输入特征对预测频谱使用值的影响。基于最重要的输入特征,提出了一种更简单、更有效的模型来估计 DC,其精度与使用所有特征时相似。从而提供更高的预测精度,与传统模型相比,RMSE 平均提高 5%。此外,为了更好地理解所提出的模型,我们量化了输入特征对预测频谱使用值的影响。基于最重要的输入特征,提出了一种更简单、更有效的模型来估计 DC,其精度与使用所有特征时相似。从而提供更高的预测精度,与传统模型相比,RMSE 平均提高 5%。此外,为了更好地理解所提出的模型,我们量化了输入特征对预测频谱使用值的影响。基于最重要的输入特征,提出了一种更简单、更有效的模型来估计 DC,其精度与使用所有特征时相似。
更新日期:2021-06-22
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