Abstract

The long-term (postponed) consequences of the separate and combined effects of Cu²⁺ ions (0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 mg/L) and a low-frequency electromagnetic field (50 Hz, 10 μT) on roach Rutilus rutilus (L.) embryos have been studied, bringing to light the exposure to these factors to changes in the size and weight parameters, the activity of glycosidases (sucrase, maltase, and amylolytic activity), and the kinetic characteristics of maltose hydrolysis in the intestines of underyearlings exposed at a stage of embryos. Increased body weight, body length, and intestine length are revealed in fish exposed to the electromagnetic field and the combined treatment of an electromagnetic field and Cu²⁺ ions. Compared with the control, the activities of sucrase and maltase are higher, while the amylolytic activity is lower in roach exposed to different combinations of the factors. The electromagnetic field compensates the inhibitory influence of Cu²⁺ on amylolytic and maltase activity. The values ​​of the Michaelis constant (K_m) of maltose hydrolysis in the intestines of underyearlings exposed to these impacts exceed those in the control. This result indicates a decrease in the enzyme affinity for the substrate, probably caused by the separate and combined influence of Cu²⁺ and the electromagnetic field on the roach during early development. These results are important for assessing environmental risks in industrial areas.

中文翻译：

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铜和电磁场对 Roach Rutilus rut​​ilus 幼仔大小和重量参数以及消化糖苷酶活性的长期影响

摘要

Cu ²⁺离子（0.001、0.01 和 0.1 mg/L）和低频电磁场（50 Hz，10 μT）对蟑螂Rutilus rut​​ilus (L .) 胚胎已被研究，揭示了这些因素对大小和重量参数变化、糖苷酶活性（蔗糖酶、麦芽糖酶和淀粉分解活性）的影响，以及一岁以下幼鸽肠道中麦芽糖水解的动力学特征在胚胎阶段暴露。暴露于电磁场以及电磁场和 Cu ²⁺联合处理的鱼显示体重、体长和肠长增加离子。与对照相比，暴露于不同因子组合的蟑螂蔗糖酶和麦芽糖酶活性较高，而淀粉酶活性较低。电磁场补偿了 Cu ²⁺对淀粉分解和麦芽糖酶活性的抑制作用。暴露于这些影响的低龄幼鸽肠道中麦芽糖水解的米氏常数 ( K _m )值超过了对照中的值。该结果表明酶对底物的亲和力降低，这可能是由于早期发育过程中 Cu ²⁺和电磁场对蟑螂的单独和联合影响所致。这些结果对于评估工业区的环境风险很重要。