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Governing Poverty: Compulsory Income Management and Crime in Australia
Critical Criminology ( IF 2.109 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-29 , DOI: 10.1007/s10612-020-09532-2
Zoe Staines , Greg Marston , Shelley Bielefeld , Louise Humpage , Philip Mendes , Michelle Peterie

Welfare reforms have swept across most liberal-democratic nations over recent decades, carried by a deep neoliberal faith in market rationality and an intensive focus on the individual as a key site of disciplinary intervention. These reforms have been accompanied by discourses within which welfare, deviance and crime are interwoven tightly. Australia’s Income Management (IM) policies, which “quarantine” a portion of welfare income as a means of behavioral conditionality, provide an example of welfare policy that has been promoted as a way of reducing crime. In this article, we interrogate these claims. We find little support for the policy logic linking IM and crime, and we demonstrate that there is no clear evidence that IM has reduced crime. Instead, we argue that the overwhelming focus of IM on poor and racialized subjects serves to socially construct crime as a metaphor for justifying the harmful “double punitive regulation” of the state. This sees the state’s left hand (i.e., social functions, including workfare) and right hand (i.e., punitive functions, including prisonfare) work together to turn poor (and mainly Indigenous) populations into marketized subjects, while punishing those who resist, through a range of governing techniques.



中文翻译:

治理贫困:澳大利亚的强制收入管理和犯罪

近几十年来,福利改革席卷了大多数自由民主国家,这得益于对市场理性的深刻新自由主义信仰以及对个人作为纪律干预关键场所的强烈关注。这些改革伴随着福利、越轨和犯罪紧密交织的话语。澳大利亚的收入管理 (IM) 政策将福利收入的一部分“隔离”为一种行为限制手段,它提供了作为减少犯罪的一种方式而推广的福利政策的例子。在本文中,我们询问了这些说法。我们发现几乎没有支持将 IM 与犯罪联系起来的政策逻辑,并且我们证明没有明确的证据表明 IM具有减少犯罪。相反,我们认为 IM 对贫困和种族化主体的压倒性关注有助于在社会上构建犯罪,作为为国家有害的“双重惩罚性监管”辩护的隐喻。这看到国家的左手(即社会功能,包括工作福利)和右手(即惩罚功能,包括监狱福利)共同努力,将贫困(主要是土著)人口转变为市场化主体,同时惩罚那些抵制的人,通过治理技术的范围。

更新日期:2020-10-29
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