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Description of the marine predator Sericomyxa perlucida gen. et sp. nov., a cultivated representative of the deepest branching lineage of vampyrellid amoebae (Vampyrellida, Rhizaria)
Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-21 , DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12864
Kiran More 1 , Alastair G B Simpson 1 , Sebastian Hess 1
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The vampyrellids (Vampyrellida, Rhizaria) are naked amoebae of considerable genetic diversity. Three families have been well-defined (Vampyrellidae, Leptophryidae, and Placopodidae), but most vampyrellid lineages detected by environmental sequencing are poorly known or completely uncharacterized. In the brackish sediment of Lake Bras D’Or, Nova Scotia, Canada, we discovered an amoeba with a vampyrellid-like life history that was morphologically dissimilar from previously known vampyrellid taxa. We established a culture of this amoeba, studied its feeding behavior and prey range specificity, and characterized it with molecular phylogenetic methods and light and electron microscopy. The amoeba was a generalist predator (i.e. eukaryotroph), devouring a range of marine microalgae, with a strong affinity for some benthic diatoms and Chroomonas. Interestingly, the amoeba varied its feeding strategy depending on the prey species. Small diatoms were engulfed whole, while larger species were fed on through extraction with an invading pseudopodium. The SSU rRNA gene phylogenies robustly placed the amoeba in the most basal, poorly described lineage (“clade C”) of the Vampyrellida. Based on the phylogenetic position and the distinct morphology of the studied amoeba, we here describe it as Sericomyxa perlucida gen. et sp. nov., and establish the new vampyrellid family Sericomyxidae for “clade C.”

中文翻译:

海洋捕食者 Sericomyxa perlucida gen 的描述。等 十一月,吸血鬼变形虫(Vampyrellida,Rhizaria)最深分支谱系的栽培代表

吸血鬼(Vampyrellida,Rhizaria)是具有相当遗传多样性的裸变形虫。三个科已被明确定义(吸血鬼科、Leptophryidae 和 Placopodidae),但通过环境测序检测到的大多数吸血鬼谱系鲜为人知或完全没有特征。在加拿大新斯科舍省 Bras D'Or 湖的微咸沉积物中,我们发现了一种变形虫,其生活史与吸血鬼相似,在形态上与以前已知的吸血鬼分类群不同。我们建立了这种变形虫的培养物,研究了它的摄食行为和猎物范围的特​​异性,并用分子系统发育方法和光学和电子显微镜对其进行了表征。变形虫是一种多面性捕食者(即真核营养生物),吞噬一系列海洋微藻,对一些底栖硅藻和色单胞菌。有趣的是,变形虫根据猎物种类改变了它的摄食策略。小硅藻被整个吞没,而较大的物种则通过入侵伪足的提取来喂养。SSU rRNA 基因系统发育有力地将变形虫置于吸血鬼的最基础、描述很少的谱系(“进化枝 C”)中。基于所研究的变形虫的系统发育位置和独特的形态,我们在此将其描述为Sericomyxa perlucida gen。等 11 月,并为“clade C”建立了新的吸血鬼家族 Sericomyxidae。
更新日期:2021-06-21
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