The increasingly severe fire situation and the continuous improvement of people's awareness of environmental protection mean that an efficient and environmentally friendly fire extinguishing agent is urgently needed. The appearance of dry water materials provides a new direction for the researchers in the field of fire extinguishing agents. Pressure has a great influence on the core-shell structure of dry water particles. Therefore, the best release pressure will make dry water as fire extinguishing agent to achieve the maximum fire extinguishing efficiency. In this paper, the preparation process of dry water was explored. The characterization results showed that the dry water prepared by the solid liquid ratio of 1:13 with 3000 rpm and 6 min is more consistent with the requirements of fire extinguishing agent. Then the fire extinguishing efficiency of dry water to anhydrous ethanol fire and N-heptane fire under 5 release pressures (0.4 MPa, 0.5 MPa, 0.6 MPa, 0.7 MPa, 0.8 MPa) was tested. By comparing the extinguishing time and cooling rate, it is determined that the dry water extinguishing agent can exert the maximum extinguishing efficiency under the release pressure of 0.6–0.7 MPa. Under the release pressure of 0.6 MPa, the extinguishing time of anhydrous ethanol fire is only 0.73 s, and the cooling rate is 9.2 °C/s; Under the release pressure of 0.7 MPa, the extinguishing time of N-heptane fire is only 2.25 s, and the cooling rate is 8.61 °C/s. Finally, the mechanism of dry water fire extinguishing was discussed through the infrared image.

日益严峻的火灾形势和人们环保意识的不断提高，意味着急需一种高效、环保的灭火剂。干水材料的出现为灭火剂领域的研究人员提供了一个新的方向。压力对干水粒子的核壳结构有很大影响。因此，最佳的释放压力将使干水作为灭火剂，以达到最大的灭火效率。本文对干水的制备工艺进行了探索。表征结果表明，固液比1:13、3000rpm、6min制备的干水更符合灭火剂的要求。测试了5 种释放压力（0.4 MPa、0.5 MPa、0.6 MPa、0.7 MPa、0.8 MPa）下的正庚烷火灾。通过比较灭火时间和冷却速度，确定干水灭火剂在0.6～0.7 MPa的释放压力下能发挥最大灭火效率。在0.6 MPa的释放压力下，无水乙醇火灾的灭火时间仅为0.73 s，降温速率为9.2 ℃/s；下0.7兆帕的压力释放，的熄灭时间Ñ庚烷火仅为2.25秒，冷却速度为8.61℃/秒。最后，通过红外图像讨论了干水灭火的机理。