Chile is the world’s largest exporter of sweet cherries. New plantings have been shifted to southern regions, where aluminum (Al) phytotoxicity could be a serious constraint on establishing orchards in acidic volcanic soils. This study investigated the effects of soil Al on growth and macronutrient uptake in non-bearing ‘Bing’ on Gisela^®6 trees grown in 120 L pots containing volcanic soil with four concentrations of exchangeable Al (0.12, 0.40, 0.60, and 1.24 cmol kg⁻¹). At the end of the first and second seasons after planting, the trees were destructively harvested, and individual organs were analyzed for dry weight, Al concentration, and macronutrient concentration. Increasing soil Al concentrations had a detrimental effect on nutrient uptake and growth, particularly in the second season. However, fine-root growth was significantly reduced from the first season and from low soil Al concentrations. In sweet cherry trees, Al was preferentially accumulated in root tissues and its translocation to aerial organs was restricted. In addition, Al accumulation in fine roots, in conjunction with a reduction in root growth, severely restricted the uptake of N, P, K, Mg, and, particularly, Ca. Therefore, soil acidity must be corrected to ensure the successful establishment of sweet cherry orchards in southern Chile.

中文翻译：

---

酸性火山土壤中生长的甜樱桃树的铝毒性

智利是世界上最大的甜樱桃出口国。新的种植已经转移到南部地区，在那里铝 (Al) 的植物毒性可能严重限制在酸性火山土壤中建立果园。本研究调查了土壤铝对生长在 120 L 盆中的Gisela ^® 6 树木的非轴承 'Bing' 生长和常量营养素吸收的影响，该盆含有四种浓度的可交换铝（0.12、0.40、0.60 和 1.24 cmol kg ⁻¹）。在种植后的第一个和第二个季节结束时，破坏性地收获树木，并分析单个器官的干重、铝浓度和常量营养素浓度。增加土壤铝浓度对养分吸收和生长有不利影响，特别是在第二季。然而，细根生长从第一个季节和低土壤铝浓度开始显着降低。在甜樱桃树中，铝优先在根组织中积累，并且其向气生器官的转运受到限制。此外，细根中铝的积累，加上根生长的减少，严重限制了 N、P、K、Mg，尤其是 Ca 的吸收。因此，必须纠正土壤酸度，以确保智利南部甜樱桃园的成功建立。