Abstract

Shrimp aquaculture over the years has made tremendous progress. The application of modern biotechnological tools, including next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques, has revolutionized the genomics of commercially important aquaculture species. Genetic improvement programmes targeting desired economic traits are being implemented worldwide with knowledge gained through development of genetic resources. These genetic resources form the basis to understand and develop the strategy for selective breeding of aquaculture species for improved performance. In view of serious disease outbreaks in shrimp aquaculture, and lack of understanding of key biological, reproductive and physiological functions at the molecular level, it has become critical to develop and exploit the available genomic resources to the full potential. This review presents recent progress in development of genetic resources such as transcriptomics, genomics, DNA markers and linkage maps having future potential in selective breeding programmes for commercially important penaeid species.

摘要

多年来，对虾养殖取得了巨大的进步。现代生物技术工具的应用，包括下一代测序 (NGS) 技术，彻底改变了具有重要商业价值的水产养殖物种的基因组学。利用通过开发遗传资源获得的知识，正在世界范围内实施针对所需经济特性的遗传改良计划。这些遗传资源构成了了解和制定水产养殖品种选择育种战略以提高性能的基础。鉴于对虾养殖中严重的疾病暴发，以及对分子水平的关键生物学、生殖和生理功能缺乏了解，充分开发和利用可用的基因组资源变得至关重要。