It is an urgent problem to explore the explosion characteristics and self-suppression mechanism of R404A refrigerant, because R404A refrigerant is widely used in daily life, the combustion and explosion mechanism of it is more complex and the related explosion accidents gradually appear. Based on theoretical analysis and experimental research methods, the explosion characteristics of R404A refrigerant with the main components of trifluoroethane (C₂H₃F₃), tetrafluoroethane (C₂H₂F₄), and pentafluoroethane (C₂HF₅) under an oxygen-enriched condition under normal temperature and atmospheric pressure were revealed. The flammability limit, critical oxygen content and explosion characteristic parameters of R404A refrigerant under different oxygen content were further revealed. The evolution law of explosion parameters of R404A refrigerant in an atmosphere with different oxygen and nitrogen ratios was obtained, and the self-suppression mechanism of R404A refrigerant was explored. The results can provide some guidance for the safe use of refrigerants and the establishment of relevant industry standards.

由于R404A制冷剂在日常生活中应用广泛，其燃烧爆炸机理较为复杂，相关的爆炸事故也逐渐出现，因此探索R404A制冷剂的爆炸特性及自抑机理是一个亟待解决的问题。基于理论分析和实验研究方法，主要成分为三氟乙烷（C ₂ H ₃ F ₃）、四氟乙烷（C ₂ H ₂ F ₄）和五氟乙烷（C ₂ HF ₅）的R404A制冷剂的爆炸特性)在常温常压下的富氧条件下被揭示。进一步揭示了R404A制冷剂在不同氧含量下的燃烧极限、临界氧含量和爆炸特性参数。得到了R404A制冷剂在不同氧氮比气氛中爆炸参数的演变规律，探索了R404A制冷剂的自抑制机理。研究结果可为制冷剂的安全使用和相关行业标准的制定提供一定的指导。