Considering many patients receive care from general hospitals, these healthcare institutions are uniquely situated to address mental and physical health needs. Little is documented, however, on the common current mental disorders diagnosed in patients receiving care in general hospital settings, especially in Puerto Rico. The objective of this study was to characterize the five most common current DSM-5 mental disorder diagnoses made in patients receiving non-psychiatric medical and surgical care from a general hospital system in southern Puerto Rico between January 2015 and December 2019. Our clinical health psychology team provides integrated psychology consultation-liaison services to select clinical units in general hospitals across the southwestern region of Puerto Rico. The clinical team conducted routine standardized psychological evaluations at patients' bedside, arrived at a current DSM-5 diagnosis if warranted, and documented the diagnosis and other select variables. A retrospective study of cross-sectional data generated from the clinical team’s standardized evaluations of 5494 medical patients was implemented. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to assess the odds of being diagnosed with a current DSM-5 mental disorder during hospitalization. Overall, 53% of the entire sample was diagnosed with a mental disorder during hospitalization. Major depressive, neurocognitive, anxiety, substance-related and schizophrenia-spectrum disorders were the most frequently diagnosed. Interestingly, females were 23% less likely to have been diagnosed with major depressive disorder than males (aOR: 0.769, CI [0.650, 0.909], p = 0.002). This is to say males evidenced 1.30 higher odds of being diagnosed with depression compared to their female counterpart. Age, biological sex, civil status, employment status, monthly household income, previous mental disorder and history substance use/abuse history was differentially associated with receiving a current DSM-5 disorder. The integration of clinical health psychology services within a general hospital facilitated our team’s work of identifying and treating co-occurring mental disorders among hospitalized patients receiving medical and surgical care. Future studies examining the opportunities and barriers of integrating clinical health psychology services within a general hospital’s administrative and clinical infrastructure for rapid identification and treatment of co-occurring mental disorders among medical patients is encouraged.

中文翻译：

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综合医院系统中常见的精神障碍

考虑到许多患者从综合医院接受护理，这些医疗机构的地理位置独特，可以满足身心健康需求。然而，关于目前在综合医院接受护理的患者中诊断出的常见精神障碍的文献很少，特别是在波多黎各。本研究的目的是描述 2015 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月期间在波多黎各南部综合医院系统接受非精神科医疗和外科治疗的患者中目前最常见的五种 DSM-5 精神障碍诊断。我们的临床健康心理学团队为波多黎各西南部地区综合医院的临床单位提供综合心理咨询联络服务。临床团队在患者床边进行常规标准化心理评估，在必要时得出当前的 DSM-5 诊断，并记录诊断和其他选择变量。对临床团队对 5494 名内科患者的标准化评估产生的横断面数据进行了回顾性研究。多项逻辑回归分析用于评估住院期间被诊断为当前 DSM-5 精神障碍的几率。总体而言，整个样本中有 53% 在住院期间被诊断出患有精神障碍。重度抑郁、神经认知、焦虑、物质相关和精神分裂症谱系障碍是最常被诊断出来的。有趣的是，女性被诊断患有重度抑郁症的可能性比男性低 23%（aOR：0.769，CI [0.650, 0.909]，p = 0.002）。也就是说，与女性相比，男性被诊断出患有抑郁症的几率要高 1.30。年龄、生理性别、公民身份、就业状况、家庭月收入、以前的精神障碍和药物使用/滥用历史与当前的 DSM-5 障碍有不同的相关性。综合医院内临床健康心理学服务的整合促进了我们团队在接受医疗和外科护理的住院患者中识别和治疗同时发生的精神障碍的工作。